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HIT 115 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

living without oxygen

A

anaerobic

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2
Q

primary procedure used to evaluate joints

A

arthroscopy

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3
Q

a measure of bone density or weight. a thinning bone results in lower bone density

A

bone mass density (BMD)

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4
Q

measurement of bone thickness

A

densitometry

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4
Q

the heel area of the foot

A

calcaneal

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5
Q

imaging by a cross-sectional plane of the body;

A

computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT); comuted tomography

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6
Q

surgery to remove a vertebral disk

A

diskectomy

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7
Q

a diagnostic test in which a small needle is inserted into muscle tissue and the electrical activity is recorded

A

electromyography (EMG)

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7
Q

abnormal curvature in the upper thoracic spine

A

Dowager’s hump

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8
Q

the most widely used technology to measure bone density. two Xray beams are aimed at the patients bones and the density of the bone is determined by the absorption of each xray beam

A

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

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9
Q

a thick fibrous connective tissue

A

fascia

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10
Q

referring to joints between the finger bones

A

interphalangeal

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11
Q

humped curvature of the thoracic spine (humpback or hunchback)

A

kyphosis

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12
Q

surgery to cut away part of the vertebrae to open the area around the spinal nerve

A

laminectomy

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13
Q

exaggerated anterior or inward curve of the lumbar spine (swayback)

A

lordosis

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14
Q

referring to the metacarpus and the phalanges; specifically, the articulations between them

A

metacarpophalangeal

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14
Q

semilunar articular cartilage found inside the knee joint

A

meniscus

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15
Q

referring to the metatarsus and the phalanges; specifically the articulations between them

A

metatarsophalangeal

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15
Q

a diagnostic radiologic test using nuclear magnetic resonance technology

A

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

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16
Q

a process that causes the characteristic hardness of bones

A

mineralization

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17
Q

surgical procedure for reducing fractures that cannot be reduced by external manipulation; involves surgically opening a fracture site and internally fixing the fracture with plates, screws, or pins

A

ORIF (Open Reduction, Internal Fixation)

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17
Q

an Xray picture taken after injecting dye into the spinal canal to reveal compression on the spinal cord or spinal nerves

A

myelogram

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18
Q

mature bone cells

A

osteocyte

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19
Q

inflammation or infection of the marrow of the bone

A

osteomyelitis

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20
Q
A

osteoporosis

21
Q

relating to medical imaging using xrays, ionizing radiation, nuclear magnetic resonance, or ultrasound

A

radiologic

22
Q

acronym for rest, ice, compression, and elevation; the activities to manage soft tissue trauma like those often associated with sports injuries

A

RICE

23
Q

pain along the sciatic nerve, often radiating down the leg and caused by pressure on the spinal nerve

A

sciatica

24
Q
A

scoliosis

25
Q

uncontrolled muscle contractions

A

spasms

26
Q

hyperirritability of muscles causing a spasm-like

A

tetany

27
Q

small, whitish nodules of uric acid

A

tophi

28
Q

one that involves a joint surface

A

articular (fracture)

29
Q

skin pulled or torn away; a type of fracture in which there is a separation of a small bone fragment from the bone where a tendon or ligament is attached

A

avulsion (fracture)

30
Q

a type of fracture that does not break through the skin

A

closed or simple (fracture)

31
Q

term describing a fracture of the lower end of the radius with displacement of the fragment

A

Colles’ (fracture)

32
Q

a type of fracture in which there are more than two ends or fragments

A

comminuted (fracture)

33
Q

a type of fracture involving the bone or an object puncturing through the skin, making an opening through the skin to the fracture site

A

compound or open (fracture)

33
Q

a type of fracture in which the fracture is completely through the bone

A

complete (fracture)

34
Q

a type of fracture in which the bone appears to be mashed down on itself

A

compression (fracture)

35
Q

A type of fracture in which fragments are out of position

A

displaced (fracture)

36
Q

Term describing a fracture outside or not involving the joint capsule

A

extracapsular (fracture)

37
Q

Term describing a fracture involving the neck of the femur

A

femoral neck (fracture)

38
Q

A type of incomplete fracture that occurs commonly in children; so-called because the bone appears to have broken partially like a sap filled green stick

A

Greenstick (fracture)

39
Q

A type of fracture that has a bone end forced over the other end

A

impacted (fracture)

40
Q

A type of fracture in which the bone is fractured, but not in two

A

incomplete (fracture)

41
Q

Term describing a fracture that is in the trochanteric area of the femur

A

intertrochanteric (fracture)

42
Q

Term describing a fracture inside the joint capsule

A

intracapsular (fracture)

43
Q

A type of fracture that runs the length of the bone

A

longitudinal (fracture)

44
Q

A type of fracture in which the fragments are still in correct position

A

nondisplaced (fracture)

45
Q

A type of fracture that runs in a transverse pattern

A

oblique (fracture)

46
Q

A type of fracture involving the bone puncturing through the skin, or an object puncturing the skin, making it opening through the skin to the fracture site

A

open or compound (fracture)

47
Q

Term describing a fracture of the lower part of the fibula and tibia, outward displacement of the foot

A

Pott’s (fracture)

48
Q

A type of fracture caused by weakness from another disease

A

pathologic (fracture)

49
Q

A type of fracture that does not break through the skin

A

simple or closed (fracture)

50
Q

A type of fracture that twists around the bone

A

spiral (fracture)

51
Q

A type of fracture that forms a star like pattern

A

stellate (fracture)

52
Q

A type of fracture related to too much weight or pressure

A

stress (fracture)

53
Q

Term describing a fracture below the head of the femur

A

subcapital (fracture)

54
Q

A type of fracture that runs across or at a 90° angle

A

transverse (fracture)

HIT 115 (6 decks)

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