Chapter 4 Flashcards
a localized collection of pus
abcess
a fibrous band that results when parts of tissue cling to the surface of adjoining organs as normal fibrous scar tissue develops in an operative site
adhesion
immunoglobins that develop in response to an antigen; aka immune bodies; proteins that the body produces to react to and render the antigen harmless
antibodies
a cell marker that induces a state of sensitivity after coming in contact with an antibody; any substance that causes the body some type of harm, thus setting off this specifi reaction
antigen
a one-celled microorganism that may be aerobic or anaerobic and free-living, saprophytic, parasitic, or pathogenic
bacteria
inflammation of connective tissue
cellulitis
the movement of cells or organisms in response to chemicals
chemotaxis
a test to identify a pathogen and the type of treatment needed
culture and sensitivity
a process of washing or cutting away necrotic tissue and foreign material
debridement
separation of tissue margins, as with a scar that does not have adequate strength
dehiscence
passage of blood, or its formed elements, through the intact walls of blood vessels
diapedesis
an accumulation of pus in a body cavity
empyema
fluid that has seeped out of tissue or capillaries because of injury or inflammation
exudate
a tract that connects two organs or cavities to each other or to the surface of the skin
fistula
forms of yeast and molds; microscopic plant like organisms
fungi
intestinal parasites; also called worms, nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes
helminths
a substance that causes local arterioles, venules, and capillaries to dilate, resulting in an increase in blood flow to the area; released in response to injury or irritation
histamine
increased blood flow in response to a release of histamine
hyperemia
hyper=increased
emia=blood
hardened tissue
induration
invasion of microorganisms into the tissue, causing cell or tissue injury, thus leading to the inflammatory response
infection
a basic pathologic process of cytologic and chemical reactions that occur in the blood vessels and tissues in response to an injury or irritation; a protective immune response that is triggered by any type of injury or irritant
inflammation
excessive collagen formation, often resulting in a hard, raised scar
keloid
any discontinuity of tissue
lesion
an increase in white cell count
leukocytosis
leuko=white
cyt=cell
osis=condition
a monocyte that leaves the bloodstream and moves into the tissue and becomes phagocytic
macrophage
macro=large
phage=eat
general ill feeling
malaise
also called tissue histiocytes; found in all tissues of the body; play a major role in the inflammatory process
mast cells
normal flora bacteria that take the oppurtunity to cause infection in the host
oppurtunistic
white cells with a nucleus that contains many lobes, also known as neutrophils
polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs)
also called healing by first intention; involves approximating the edges of the wound
primary union
a parasite of the phylum protoza; a single-celled microscopic member of the animal kingdom
protozoa
loaded with dead and dying neutrophils, tissue debris, and pyogenic (pus-forming) bacteria
purulent
white or yellow exudate due to death of numerous neutrophils mixed with exudate or blood fluid
pus
pus forming
pyogenic
pyo=pus
genic=arising
microscopic organisms that are intermediate between bacteria and viruses; they live in the host and are spread by lice, fleas, ticks, and mites
Rickettsiae
skin lesion resulting from fibrous connective tissue repair
scar
also called healing by secondary intention; the same process as primary union, but involving a larger degree of tissue damage and more inflammation to resolve
secondary union
a systemic disease caused by the spread of microorganisms in the blood; aka blood poisoning
septicemia
septic=dirty, contaminated
emia=blood
tract or opening to the surface of the body formed by a large ruptured abscess
sinus
a rapid heart rate; usually a rate over 100 beats per minute
tachycardia
tachy=rapid
cardia=heart rate
a physical or mental injury
trauma
a crater-like lesion in the skin or mucous membranes
ulcer
difficult to kill; able to produce disease
virulent
virus(es)
