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Pharmacy Tech Vocabulary 💊Drug Names And Purpose > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Synthetic

A

Drugs that are not naturally occurring; produced in laboratory

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2
Q

Semisynthetic

A

A naturally occurring compound that has been chemically altered

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3
Q

Synthesized

A

Produced in a laboratory to imitate a naturally occurring compound

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4
Q

Natural Drugs

A

Drugs that occur in nature. Derived or extracted from plants, animals, and minerals.

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5
Q

Plant Sources

A

Natural products that can be used as drugs, active ingredients or precursor for the synthesis of a drug.

Ex: Acetylsalicylic Acid, Cocaine, Codeine, Morphine, Digoxin, Vincristine, Vinblastine etc.

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6
Q

Animal Sources

A

Another primary source for natural drugs.

Ex: Bovine insulin, Porcine insulin, Pepsine, Thyroid Hormones

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7
Q

Mineral Sources

A

Naturally occurring solid chemical substances found in the Earth and soil, another natural source for drugs.

Ex: Ferrous Sulfate (iron), Fold, Magnesium, Potassium, Sodium Chloride, Zinc

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8
Q

Synthetic Drug Sources

A

Drugs produced in the laboratory and are not naturally occurring.

Ex: Adrenalin, Amoxicillin, Barbiturates, OxyContin

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9
Q

Genetically Engineered Drug Sources

A

Genetically engineered drugs are synthetic drugs produced by means of recombination DNA (rDNA) or monoclonal antibodies (MAbs).

Ex: Human Insulin, Recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine, Rituxan, Zevalin, Erbitux, Avastin

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10
Q

Recombinant DNA
(Genetically Engineered Drug Sources)

A

When manufacturers use recombinant DNA, they combine two different DNA strands to produce a new strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or rDNA.

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11
Q

Monoclonal antibodies MAbs
(Genetically Engineered Drug Sources)

A

MAbs are hybrid cells created in the laboratory from animals. These new cells can be used to treat tumors and diagnose varios conditions.

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12
Q

Nomenclature

A

Set of names; way of naming

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13
Q

Health maintenance organization (HMO)

A

A type of healthcare/insurance plan.

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14
Q

Formulary

A

A listing of drugs approved for use or reimbursement.

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15
Q

Drug Nomenclature

A

There’s 3 classifications of drug nomenclature which are the chemical name, the generic name, and the brand or trade name.

‼️Not all drugs have trade names‼️

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16
Q

Chemical name
(Drug Nomenclature)

A

The chemical name of a drug reflects the chemical structure of the compound.

Each drug is named according to the strict nomenclature guidelines of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, organization whose purpose is to advance aspects of the chemical sciences.

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17
Q

Generic Name/ Nonproprietary Name
(Drug Nomenclature)

A

The generic name of a drug is a convenient and concise name used by the public to identify the active ingredient in the drug. It’s name is assigned by the drug manufacturer in collaboration with the FDA. It’s usually not copyrighted or trademarked.

insurance companies and HMOs pay pharmacies only for generic meds, according to its formularies cause it’s cheaper

18
Q

Classification of Drugs

A

A drug may be placed into a specific category based on any one or more considerations.

Ex: Chemical Ingredients, method by which is used, Area of the body that it treats, DRUGS THERAPEUTIC USE and MECHANISM OF ACTION.

19
Q

Drugs therapeutic use

A

Pharmacological classification, as it describes the drugs effects on the body.

20
Q

Drugs mechanism of action

A

Straightforwardly describes the clinical action o free drug.

21
Q

Dosage Form

A

The actual form of the drug (tablet, capsule, suppository, solution, etc.) also called dosage formulation.

22
Q

Solid Dosage Forms

A

Pills.
Are easy to self-administer. Easier to transport. Longer shelf-life. Accurate dosing. Extended-release provides same desired effects.

23
Q

Tablets

A

Solid meds that are compacted into small formed shapes. Usually taken by mouth.Easy to swallow, properly digested in the body, and releases the drug at the proper time to produce the desired effect.

Ex: effervescent, fast dissolving, sublingual, buccal, and vaginal.

24
Q

Chewable Tablets

A

Tablets that need to be chewed instead of swallowed. Used for pediatric meds (they have flavoring to mask bad taste)

Ex: antacids, aspirin

25
Q

Effervescent Tablets

A

These tablets NEED to dissolved into liquid before administration. Allowing a faster absorption in the body than a solid tablet.

26
Q

Fast-Dissolving Tablets/Rapidly Disintegrating Tablets

A

These tablets disintegrate upon entering your mouth, no liquids needed.

27
Q

Sublingual Tablets

A

Sublingual tablets are disintegrated and absorbed when the tablets is placed under the tongue. Ingredients are absorbed through the lining of the mouth into the bloodstream.

‼️great for meds that get destroyed by stomach acids‼️

28
Q

Buccal Tablets

A

Buccal tablets are similar to sublingual tablets, with the exception that they disintegrate in the buccal pouch of the mouth, between the gums and cheek, and absorbed into the blood stream.

29
Q

Vaginal Tablets

A

Vaginal tablets are a solid dosage administered into the vagina and are dissolved and absorbed through the mucous lining of the vagina.

30
Q

Capsules

A

Capsules are solid medications forms in which the active and inactive ingredients of a drug are contained in a shell.

31
Q

Soft Gelatin Shells

A

Soft gelatin shells have ingredients added to the shell to give it a soft and elastic consistency; allowing it to be flexible during administration. Filled with powdered, pasty or liquid meds.

32
Q

Hard Gelatin Shells

A

Hard gelatin capsules are characterized by two halves joined together. Intended for oral administration, but can be open and sprinkled over food or water before administration.

‼️Only filled with powdered meds, never liquids, they will dissolved‼️

33
Q

Lozenges/Pastilles/Troches

A

Lozenges are hard, disked-shaped solid dosage form that contains a sugar base. Lozenges remain in the patient’s mouth until it COMPLETELY dissolves.

Ex: antiseptic, analgesic, anesthetic, antibiotic, decongestant, astringent and antitusivo effects.

34
Q

Lozenges/Pastilles/Troches

A

Lozenges are hard, disked-shaped solid dosage form that contains a sugar base. Lozenges remain in the patient’s mouth until it COMPLETELY dissolves.

Ex: antiseptic, analgesic, anesthetic, antibiotic, decongestant, astringent and antitusivo effects.

35
Q

Powders

A

Powders are solid uniform particles of active and inactive ingredients all ground-up. They’re separated into two groups, Internally and Externally powders. Internal are administered after it’s been dissolved in liquids. While, external can be applied directly on skin for absorption through the bloodstream.

36
Q

Granules

A

Granules are non-uniform particles, made out of dry grounded wetted powder. Distilled water is added to the package of granules l and the suspension is shaken until the solid particles dissolve completely into liquids.

Ex: Pediatric Antibiotic Suspension

37
Q

Medicated Sticks

A

Medicated Sticks are unique solid dosage form used in topical applications. Such as local anesthetic a, sunscreen, antivirals, antibiotics and cosmetics.

38
Q

Semisolid Dosage Forms

A

Certain meds are only partly solid, as they have a viscosity and rigidity between that of a solid and a liquid.

Ex: suppositories, creams, ointments and pastes.

39
Q

Oleaginous

A

Containing oil; having oil-like properties

40
Q

Emollient

A

Softening and soothing on the skin

41
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Repels water

42
Q

Anhydrous

A

Without water

Pharmacy Tech Vocabulary 💊Drug Names And Purpose (8 decks)

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