Chapter 6

Question 0

LM microscope definition

Answer 0

Light microscope, can magnify up to 1000x

Question 1

What is cell theory

Answer 1

1. all living things are composed of cells
2. Cells are basic unit of structure and function
3. All comes from pre existing cells

Question 2

SEM microscope

Answer 2

Scanning electron microscope, allows you to see the surface of things

Question 3

TEM microscope

Answer 3

Transmission electron microscope, internal structures

Question 4

Electron microscope

Answer 4

Can magnify up to 100,000,000x

Question 5

Micrograph

Answer 5

Photograph of a view through a microscope

Question 6

Prokaryotic cell

Answer 6

"Earlier or before" 
lacks nucleus and most organelles
Small 
Found in bacteria and archaea 
Found in earths fossil record

Question 7

Eukaryotic cell

Answer 7

“True kernel”
Has membrane bound nucleus and organelles
Large
Found in Protists, plants, animals, fungi

Question 8

Differences between plant and animal cells

Answer 8

Plant cells have chloroplast, a central vacuole, and cell wall
Animal cells have- centriole

Question 9

Chloroplast

Answer 9

Found in plant cells (controls photosynthesis

Question 10

Cell wall

Answer 10

In plant cells outside plasma membrane protection and maintaining cell shape

Question 11

Large vacuole

Answer 11

Stores water in plant cells for photosynthesis

Question 12

Centriole

Answer 12

In animal cell, helps with cell reproduction

Question 13

Phospholipid bilayer

Answer 13

A double layer “sandwich” where the phosphate ends facing the watery inside and watery outside of a cell

Question 14

Functions of membrane proteins

Answer 14

Enzyme activity, cell to cell recognition, cell signaling, transport of materials

Question 15

Diffusion

Answer 15

Net movement of particles from more concentrated to less.

Question 16

Concentration Gradient

Answer 16

Differences between two concentrations, molecules always move down the concentration gradient

Question 17

Equilibrium

Answer 17

Point where number of diffusing molecules moving in one direction is equal to the moving in the opposite direction

Question 18

Passive transport

Answer 18

Selectively permeable membrane allows some substances to cross membrane more easily and block others with no energy

Question 19

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 19

Pathway provided by transport proteins that help certain molecules pass through a membrane

Question 20

Osmosis

Answer 20

The passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 21

Hypertonic solution

Answer 21

Solution with higher concentration of solute

Question 22

Hypotonic solution

Answer 22

Solution with a lower solute concentration

Question 23

Isotonic

Answer 23

Water concentration of a solute is equal

Question 24

Active transport

Answer 24

Cell expands energy to move molecules and ions across the membrane

Question 25

Transport proteins

Answer 25

Pump solute from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration(against the gradient)

Question 26

Chromatin

Answer 26

DNA attached to long protein fibers

Question 27

Ribosomes

Answer 27

Protein synthesis

Question 28

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 28

A network of membranes that handles manufacturing and transportation

Question 29

Rough ER

Answer 29

Ribosomes attached proteins are packaged into vesicles for transport

Question 30

Smooth ER

Answer 30

No ribosomes, build lipid molecules

Question 31

Golgi apparatus

Answer 31

Processing and shipping center if the cell, routes proteins and other products

Question 32

Vacuoles

Answer 32

Large membrane bound sacs, stores I digested nutrients

Question 33

Lysosomes

Answer 33

Contain digestive enzymes that break down proteins, nucleic acids and polysaccharides digest food, bacteria, damaged organelles

Question 34

Mitochondria

Answer 34

Site of cellular respiration, forms ATP- main energy source for cells

Question 35

Microtubule

Answer 35

Straight hollow tubes of protein give cells rigidly, shape and organization

Question 36

Microfilaments

Answer 36

Thin solid rods of protein enable cell to change shape

Question 37

Flagella

Answer 37

Long thin whiplike, made of | microtubules

Question 38

Cilia

Answer 38

Shorter and more numerous, can help an organism move or make mucus move down the esophagus