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A&p > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the forearm bones

A

Ulna & radius

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2
Q

What is the scapula

A

Shoulder blade
Shown grin anterior & posterior views

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3
Q

True ribs

A

First 7 pairs
Attached directly to the sternum

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4
Q

False ribs

A

Remaining 5 pairs
Attach to cartilage

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5
Q

Floating ribs

A

Have no anterior attachment

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6
Q

What are the secondary curves in infants

A

Cervical curve
Lumbar curve

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7
Q

How many spinal curves do adults have

A

4

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8
Q

Sacral vertebrae

A

Five separate bones in a child.

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9
Q

Bones in a child that fuse to form a single bone

A

Sacrum

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10
Q

What does the sacrum complete

A

Posterior part of the bony pelvis

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11
Q

Soft spots in infants

A

Fontanels

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12
Q

Where are the fontanels

A

Near front of skull at the junction of two parietal bones and frontal bone

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13
Q

Occipital bone

A

Forms the skulls posterior portion and part of its base

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14
Q

Foremen magnum

A

Located at the base of the occipital bone
Large opening which the spinal cord attaches to the brain

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15
Q

Parietal bones

A

Two bones that form most of the top and side walls of the cranium

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16
Q

Sinus

A

A cavity or hollow space.
Air filled chamber

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17
Q

Meatus

A

Short passageway or channel
Usually the external opening of a canal

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18
Q

What are 2 depression holes

A

Sinus
Meatus

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19
Q

Epiphyseal

A

Secondary bone forming centers

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20
Q

When do bones stop growing in length

A

Late teens or early 20s

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21
Q

Where do long bones grow

A

Epiphyseal

22
Q

Where is red marrow found

A

Spongy bone at the ends of the long bones & center of other bones

23
Q

What does red bone marrow manufacture

A

Blood cells

24
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Build bone tissue

25
Q

Osteocytes

A

Mature osteoblasts that become trapped in the bone matrix.
Maintain bone tissue

26
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Responsible for the process of resorption
The breakdown of bone tissue
Develop from a type of white blood cell

27
Q

How many bones are in the human body

A

206

28
Q

Long bone

A

Makes up the most of the appendicular skeleton

29
Q

What is the long narrow shaft of a long bone called

A

Diaphysis

30
Q

What is at the center of the diaphysis

A

Medullary cavity

31
Q

What does the medullary cavity contain

A

Bone marrow

32
Q

Functions of bones

A

Form sturdy framework
Protect delicate structures
Work as levers with attached muscle to produce movement
Store calcium salts
Produce blood cells- in red marrow

33
Q

Olecranon

A

Process that forms the elbow

34
Q

How many bones are in each hand

A

27

35
Q

How many phalanges are in each hand

A

14
Two for the thumb
Three for each finger

36
Q

Portions of all 3 pelvic bones contribute to the formation of what

A

Acteabulum

37
Q

What is the acetabulum

A

Deep socket that holds the head of the femur to form the hip joint

38
Q

What is the difference in male & female pubic bone

A

Pubic arch is wider
It becomes more flexible later in pregnancy

39
Q

What is the difference in male and female sacrum and coccyx

A

Males are more curved

40
Q

Greater trochanter

A

Large lateral projection near the head of the femur
Used as a surface landmark

41
Q

How many bones are in each foot

A

26

42
Q

Synarthosis

A

Bones in this joint are held so tightly together they cannot move

43
Q

What are synarthrosis often called

A

Fibrous joints

44
Q

Dirathrosis

A

Freely moveable joints

45
Q

Space between joints in dirathroses

A

Joint cavity

46
Q

Fluid in joint cavity

A

Synovial fluid

47
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Smooth layer of hyaline that protects the bone surface in synovial joints

48
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Bends the foot so that the toes point downward

49
Q

Rotation

A

Twisting or turning of a bone on its own axis

50
Q

Gliding point

A

Wrist

A&p (19 decks)

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