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MIS 2101 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Business Intelligence

A

The use of information systems to gather and analyze data and information from internal and external sources in order to make better business decisions

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2
Q

Big Data

A

High volume, high variety, high velocity

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3
Q

Structured Data

A

Neatly fits into spreadsheets or databases; transaction data

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4
Q

Semi-Structured Data

A

Clickstreams and sensor data

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5
Q

Unstructured Data

A

Audio, video data, comments on a social network

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6
Q

Continuous Planning Process

A

Organizations continuously monitor and analyze data and business processes; the results lead to ongoing adjustments to how the organization is managed, but the results are also reflected in ongoing updates to the organizational plans

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7
Q

DBMS

A
  • Database Management System
  • Use to interact with data in databases
  • Software application with which create, store, organize, and retrieve data from a single database or several databases
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8
Q

Entity

A

Something you collect data about, such as people or classes

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9
Q

Tables

A

Often represent entities

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10
Q

Record

A

Collection of related attributes about a single instance of an entity

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11
Q

Attribute

A

Column in a table; individual pieces of information about an entity

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12
Q

RDBMS

A
  • Relational Database Management System
  • Attempts to balance efficiency of storage needs, ease of retrieval, and other factors by storing data in tables linked via relationships
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13
Q

Data Model

A

Map or diagram that represents entities and their relationships

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14
Q

Data Type

A

Helps the DBMS organize and sort the data, complete calculations, and allocate storage space

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15
Q

Data Dictionary

A

Document Explaining several pieces of information for each attribute, such as name, type of data expected and valid values

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16
Q

Business Rules

A

Who has authority to update a piece of data, are captured by the designers of the database and included in the data dictionary to prevent illegal or illogical entries from entering the database

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17
Q

Form

A

Typically has blanks where the user can enter information or make choices each of which represents an attribute within a database record

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18
Q

Report

A

Compilation of data from the database that is organized and produced in printed format

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19
Q

Report Generators

A

Help users quickly build interactive reports and visualizations to present the data in a useful format

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20
Q

Query

A

Used to retrieve data from a database

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21
Q

Structured Language Query

A
  • SQL

- Most common Language used to interface with RDBMss

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22
Q

Query By Example

A

Enable to fill out a grid, template in order to construct a sample or description of the data we would like to see

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23
Q

Operational Systems

A

Systems that are used to interact with customers and run a business in real-time

24
Q

Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)

A
  • Provides immediate automated responses to the request of users
  • Designed to handle multiple concurrent transactions from customers
25
Master Data Management
Creating a single version of the truth | - Management rather than a technology focused issue
26
Master Data
Data that is deemed most important in the operation of a business
27
Data Warehouses
Company's virtual storehouse of valuable data from the organization's disparate information systems and external sources
28
Extraction
First the data needs to be extracted from various different locations
29
Transformation
Data are being cleansed and manipulated to fit the needs of the analysis
30
Data Cleansing
The process of detecting, correcting, or removing corrupt or inaccurate data from different systems
31
Data Mart
- Data warehouse that is limited in scope - It contains selected data from the data warehouse such that each separate data mart is customized for the decision support needs of a particular end-user group
32
Scheduled Reports
Produced at predefined intervals - daily, weekly, or monthly to support routine decisions
33
Key-Indicator Reports
Reports that provide a summary of critical information on a recurring schedule
34
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
The process of quickly conducting complex, multidimensional analyses of data stored in a database that is optimized for retrieval
35
OLAP Sever
Understands how data are organized in the database and has special functions for analyzing the data
36
Measures
- Sometimes called facts | - Values or numbers the user wants to analyze
37
Dimensions
Provide a way to summarize the data, such as region, time
38
OLAP Cube
Data structure allowing for multiple dimensions to be added to a traditional two-dimensional table
39
Slicing and Dicing
Analyzing the data on subsets of the dimensions
40
Data Mining
Provides capabilities for discovering hidden predictive relationships in the data
41
Data Reduction
Reduces the complexity of the data to be analyized
42
Sequence Discovery
Used to discover associations over time
43
Clustering
The process of grouping related records together on the basis of having similar values for attributes; finding structure in data
44
Classification
Used when groups are known beforehand, and records are segmented into these classes
45
Text Mining
Analytical techniques for extracting information from textual documents
46
Web Content Mining
Extracting textual information from Web documents
47
Web Usage Mining
Used to determine patterns in customers' usage data, how they navigate through the site
48
Business Analytics
Augments business intelligence by using predictive analysis to help identify trends or predict business outcomes
49
Decision Support System (DSS)
Special purpose information system designed to support organizational decision making related to a particular recurring problem
50
Expert System
- ES - Type of intelligent system that uses reasoning methods based on knowledge about a specific problem in order to provide advice
51
Neural Networks
Composed of a network processing elements attempt to approximate the functioning of the human brain
52
Intelligent Agent
Program that works in the background to provide some service when a specific event occurs
53
Soft Data
Textual news stories or other non analytical data
54
Hard Data
Facts and Numbers
55
Geographic Information Systems
System for creating, storing, analyzing and managing geographically referenced information

MIS 2101 (6 decks)

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