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MIS 2101 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Business Intelligence

A

The use of information systems to gather and analyze data and information from internal and external sources in order to make better business decisions

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2
Q

Big Data

A

High volume, high variety, high velocity

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3
Q

Structured Data

A

Neatly fits into spreadsheets or databases; transaction data

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4
Q

Semi-Structured Data

A

Clickstreams and sensor data

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5
Q

Unstructured Data

A

Audio, video data, comments on a social network

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6
Q

Continuous Planning Process

A

Organizations continuously monitor and analyze data and business processes; the results lead to ongoing adjustments to how the organization is managed, but the results are also reflected in ongoing updates to the organizational plans

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7
Q

DBMS

A
  • Database Management System
  • Use to interact with data in databases
  • Software application with which create, store, organize, and retrieve data from a single database or several databases
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8
Q

Entity

A

Something you collect data about, such as people or classes

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9
Q

Tables

A

Often represent entities

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10
Q

Record

A

Collection of related attributes about a single instance of an entity

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11
Q

Attribute

A

Column in a table; individual pieces of information about an entity

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12
Q

RDBMS

A
  • Relational Database Management System
  • Attempts to balance efficiency of storage needs, ease of retrieval, and other factors by storing data in tables linked via relationships
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13
Q

Data Model

A

Map or diagram that represents entities and their relationships

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14
Q

Data Type

A

Helps the DBMS organize and sort the data, complete calculations, and allocate storage space

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15
Q

Data Dictionary

A

Document Explaining several pieces of information for each attribute, such as name, type of data expected and valid values

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16
Q

Business Rules

A

Who has authority to update a piece of data, are captured by the designers of the database and included in the data dictionary to prevent illegal or illogical entries from entering the database

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17
Q

Form

A

Typically has blanks where the user can enter information or make choices each of which represents an attribute within a database record

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18
Q

Report

A

Compilation of data from the database that is organized and produced in printed format

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19
Q

Report Generators

A

Help users quickly build interactive reports and visualizations to present the data in a useful format

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20
Q

Query

A

Used to retrieve data from a database

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21
Q

Structured Language Query

A
  • SQL

- Most common Language used to interface with RDBMss

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22
Q

Query By Example

A

Enable to fill out a grid, template in order to construct a sample or description of the data we would like to see

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23
Q

Operational Systems

A

Systems that are used to interact with customers and run a business in real-time

24
Q

Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)

A
  • Provides immediate automated responses to the request of users
  • Designed to handle multiple concurrent transactions from customers
25
Q

Master Data Management

A

Creating a single version of the truth

- Management rather than a technology focused issue

26
Q

Master Data

A

Data that is deemed most important in the operation of a business

27
Q

Data Warehouses

A

Company’s virtual storehouse of valuable data from the organization’s disparate information systems and external sources

28
Q

Extraction

A

First the data needs to be extracted from various different locations

29
Q

Transformation

A

Data are being cleansed and manipulated to fit the needs of the analysis

30
Q

Data Cleansing

A

The process of detecting, correcting, or removing corrupt or inaccurate data from different systems

31
Q

Data Mart

A
  • Data warehouse that is limited in scope
  • It contains selected data from the data warehouse such that each separate data mart is customized for the decision support needs of a particular end-user group
32
Q

Scheduled Reports

A

Produced at predefined intervals - daily, weekly, or monthly to support routine decisions

33
Q

Key-Indicator Reports

A

Reports that provide a summary of critical information on a recurring schedule

34
Q

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

A

The process of quickly conducting complex, multidimensional analyses of data stored in a database that is optimized for retrieval

35
Q

OLAP Sever

A

Understands how data are organized in the database and has special functions for analyzing the data

36
Q

Measures

A
  • Sometimes called facts

- Values or numbers the user wants to analyze

37
Q

Dimensions

A

Provide a way to summarize the data, such as region, time

38
Q

OLAP Cube

A

Data structure allowing for multiple dimensions to be added to a traditional two-dimensional table

39
Q

Slicing and Dicing

A

Analyzing the data on subsets of the dimensions

40
Q

Data Mining

A

Provides capabilities for discovering hidden predictive relationships in the data

41
Q

Data Reduction

A

Reduces the complexity of the data to be analyized

42
Q

Sequence Discovery

A

Used to discover associations over time

43
Q

Clustering

A

The process of grouping related records together on the basis of having similar values for attributes; finding structure in data

44
Q

Classification

A

Used when groups are known beforehand, and records are segmented into these classes

45
Q

Text Mining

A

Analytical techniques for extracting information from textual documents

46
Q

Web Content Mining

A

Extracting textual information from Web documents

47
Q

Web Usage Mining

A

Used to determine patterns in customers’ usage data, how they navigate through the site

48
Q

Business Analytics

A

Augments business intelligence by using predictive analysis to help identify trends or predict business outcomes

49
Q

Decision Support System (DSS)

A

Special purpose information system designed to support organizational decision making related to a particular recurring problem

50
Q

Expert System

A
  • ES
  • Type of intelligent system that uses reasoning methods based on knowledge about a specific problem in order to provide advice
51
Q

Neural Networks

A

Composed of a network processing elements attempt to approximate the functioning of the human brain

52
Q

Intelligent Agent

A

Program that works in the background to provide some service when a specific event occurs

53
Q

Soft Data

A

Textual news stories or other non analytical data

54
Q

Hard Data

A

Facts and Numbers

55
Q

Geographic Information Systems

A

System for creating, storing, analyzing and managing geographically referenced information

MIS 2101 (6 decks)

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