chapter 6

Question 1

antigens enhanced by enzymes

Answer 1

ABO/H
lewis
I
P
RH
Kidd

Question 2

antigens destroyed by enzymes

Answer 2

duffy
MNSs
Xga

Question 3

unaffected by enzymes

Answer 3

Kell

Question 4

IgM antibodies

Answer 4

ABO, Lewis, I, P1, M,N

Question 5

IgG antibodies

Answer 5

Rh, K, k, Kidd,Duffy, S,s,
Lutheran ( not clinically significant )

Question 6

which antibodies are high incidence and not shown on antigrams

Answer 6

H & I
anti-H,anti- I and anti-IH are autoantibodies that can interfere with alloantibody ID ( esspecially with enzyme treated cells)

Question 7

which antigens arent on fetal cells

Answer 7

Lewis, I
weakly P1& lutheran

Question 8

K and k clinical significance

Answer 8

HTR & HDFN

Question 9

percentage of people with K and k

Answer 9

K ~9%
k >99%

Question 10

when may anti K be an IgM antibody

Answer 10

rare but may occur and associated with bacterial infections

Question 11

what other antithetical pairs are associated with Kell system

Answer 11

penny ( Kpa & Kpb)
sutter ( Jsa & Jsb)

both b’s are high incidence
a’s are low incidence

Question 12

what destroys Kell

Answer 12

the disulfide bonds may be broken by DTT or 2ME

( not affected by enzymes )

Question 13

which antigens are associated with KIdd system

Answer 13

Jka, Jkb
& Jk3 ( high incidence bc present as long as either JKa or Jkb is there )

Question 14

which group binds complement as an IgG class that is almost as good as an IgM

Answer 14

Kidd

Question 15

clinical significance of kidd

Answer 15

HTR & HDFN

Question 16

why does the kidd system often cause severe delayed HTR

Answer 16

it drops below serologically detetctable levels within months of production

Question 17

which antigen should you never transfuse to a women within child bearing years

Answer 17

Rh pos if they are Rh neg

Kell pos if they are Kell neg or if theyre unknown

Question 18

Fy a clinical significance

Answer 18

HTR & HDFN

Question 19

Fy b clinical significance

Answer 19

HTR

Question 20

which blood group can cause resistance to malaria P.vivax

Answer 20

Fya- Fyb-
will have a cell membrane change
commonin african ethnicity

Question 21

MNS system clinical significance

Answer 21

M- none unless IgG ( rare)
N- none
S- HTR & HDFN
s- HDNF

Question 22

GYPA gene controls which antigens

Answer 22

M & N

Question 23

GYPB gene controls which antigens

Answer 23

S & s

Question 24

when is P1 fully expressed

Answer 24

age 7

Question 25

what neutralizes anti - P1

Answer 25

pigeon egg white & hydatid cyst fluid

Question 26

difference between P1 and p

Answer 26

anti - P is from a rare autoimmune disease ;Paroxymal cold hemoglobinuria. It is a a biphasic antibody that results in aquired hemolytic anemia

Question 27

what is the routine test for PCH ( paroxymal cold hemoglobinuria )

Answer 27

donath landsteiner test

Question 28

Lutheran destroyed by

Answer 28

DTT & 2- ME ( like kell)

Question 29

Xga

Answer 29

linked to x chromosome

Question 30

which reagents can be used to dissociated IgG antibodies from RBCs in DAT +

Answer 30

chloroquine diphosphate
or EDTA/ glycine acid

Question 31

Sda ( sid) antigen during pregnancy, appearance and neutralization

Answer 31

weakens during pregnancy

mixed field, shiny/ refractile

neutralize with boiled urine

Question 32

PNH

Answer 32

paroxymal nocturnal hemoglobuniuria
- lack all GPI linked glycoprotiens