chapter 3

Question 1

discovery of ABO and AHG impact

Answer 1

the above system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1900, was the first blood group system to be discovered
M,N & antigens were discovered in 1927 using rabbit serum

these carbohydrates were discovered bc they are all IgM and reacted at immediate spin without incubation

Question 2

AHG discovery

Answer 2

Anti human globulin was Developed by by Coombs, Mourant & Race in 1945

They realized antibodies could bind to RBCs in vitro but not agglutinate
They produced

Agglutinates sensitized RBCs

igG antibodies started being discovered shortly after

Question 3

DAT vs IDAT

Answer 3

Dat
Detects RBCs that were sensitized in vivo
Cells are just tested with AHG to see if they agglutinate
Which will tell if they had preexisting sensitization

IDAT
Demonstrates in Vitro reactions
RBCs are combined with antibody source and incubated to sensitize
Then AHG IS added to bind the sensitized RBCs

Question 4

Polyclonal cells

Answer 4

Antigen source is injected into something (mouse) and the antibodies it produces are used in anti sera
Will be produced by different plasma cell lineages resulting in a variety of slightly different epitope specificities

Question 5

Monoclonal

Answer 5

More common
From a cell culture grown from a singular line of plasma cells fused with cancer cells to form hybridoma
Produces antibodies with identical epitope specificity

Question 6

Monospecific vs polyspecific

Answer 6

Monospecific AHG contains either anti- IgG or anti-C3d
Polyspecific contains both

Anti IgG must be used for pretransufusion testing so either monospecific anti IgG or polyspecific must be used