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Bio 2010 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Energy of movement

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2
Q

Potential energy

A

stored energy
ex: bow and arrow, chemical bonds

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3
Q

1st law of thermo.

A

energy cant be created nor destroyed
can change form

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4
Q

isolated system

A

energy will not be lost
vacuum

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5
Q

2nd law of thermo.

A

Energy made into a non usable form
(heat)

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6
Q

Autotrophs

A

make their own food (sun)

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7
Q

Oxidative Phosphorylation

A

Occurs across the mitochondrial inner membrane
Occurs during chemiosmosis
Lots of ATP

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8
Q

Glycolysis

A

breakdown of glucose into 2 three carbon molecules of pyruvate
happens outside of the mitochondria and in the cytoplasm

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9
Q

Citric Acid Cycle

A

NADH and FADH2 production (which are electron carriers)
occurs in the mitochondria matrix

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10
Q

cellular respiration byproducts

A

CO2 and water

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11
Q

ATP without oxygen processes

A

Anaerobic respiration
Fermentation

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12
Q

Anaerobic Respiration

A

Bacteria and Archaea
ETC with different e- acceptor

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13
Q

2 types of Fermentation

A

alcohol
lactic acid

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14
Q

Where does fermentation occur?

A

Cytoplasm

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15
Q

Alcohol Fermentation

A

occurs in yeast and some bacteris
pyruvate>acetaldehyde>ethanol

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16
Q

Autotrophs

A

Organisms that make its own food

17
Q

Chemoautotrophs

A

Use inorganic compounds to extract energy (synthesize sugars)

18
Q

Photoautotrophs (eukaryotes + bacteria)

A

Multicellular (plants + algae)
Unicellular (euglena)
Some Bactera (cyanobacteria)

19
Q

Endosymbiotic Theory

A

The theory that mitochondria and plastids were prokaryotes a long time ago and started living in eukaryotic cells
Reasoning:
- because the mito and cholorplast are about the same size and they possess their own DNA

20
Q

photon

A

A unit of light (electromagnetic energy) that can drive the e- to an excited state

21
Q

pigments

A

molecules that absorb light
- example: chlorophyll = green pigment molecule
Carotenoids = red, orange and yellow pigments

22
Q

Carbon Fixation with Ribulose Bisphosphate

A

an enzyme that takes the carbon from CO2 and puts it on the RuBP

Bio 2010 (3 decks)

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