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SOC 111 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

deviance

A

behavior that strays from what is ‘normal’

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2
Q

characters of deviance

A

overt

covert

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3
Q

overt characteristics

A

actions or qualities taken as explicitly violating the cultural norm

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4
Q

covert characteristic

A

the unstated qualities that might make a group a target for sanctions
age, ethnic background, race, sexual orientation

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5
Q

deviance contested across culture

A

changes from culture to culture
changes over time
contested

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6
Q

deviance contested within cultures

A

differs within culture
social or cultural construct
can be contests

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7
Q

conflict deviance

A

is a disagreement among groups over whether or not something is deviant.
marijuana

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8
Q

social constructionism

A

proposes that certain elements of social life, such as deviance, are not natural but are created by a society or culture

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9
Q

essentialism

A

argues that this is something natural, true, universal and therefore objectively determined about these characteristics

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10
Q

stigma

A

human attribute that is seen to discredit an individuals social identity

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11
Q

three types of stigmas

A

bodily
moral
tribal

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12
Q

bodily stigma

A

physical deformities

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13
Q

moral stigma

A

blemishes of individual character

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14
Q

tribal stigma

A

transmitted through group association

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15
Q

the other

A

an image constructed by dominant culture to characterize subcultures
casted as inferior
subjected to negative sanctions

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16
Q

moral panic

A

campaign designed to arouse concern over an issue or group

17
Q

moral entrepreneur

A

a person who tries to convince others of the need to take action around a social issue that they have defined

18
Q

racializing deviance

A

linking particular ethnic groups-especially visible minorities- with a certain form of deviance

19
Q

multiculturalism

A

set of policies designed to encourage respect for cultural differences

20
Q

assimilation

A

pressure to become culturally similar to dominant culture

non-assimilating ppl viewed as deviant

21
Q

racial profiling

A

actions undertaken supposedly for reasons of safety, security or public protection, based on stereotypes about race, colour, ethnicity, ancestry, religion, place of origin, rather than on reasonable suspicion

22
Q

misogyny

A

hating women

being woman is seen as deviant

23
Q

patriarchal construct

A

social conditions that favour boys/men over girls/women

male values are normalized through customs, laws and cultural production

24
Q

is poverty a characteristic of deviance?

A

yes, and ppl in poverty’s drug used is considered more deviant than people who are rich

25
Q

school-to-prison

A

biased application of zero-tolerance policy in schools
poor schools located in racialized neighborhoods
constant surveillance and bias in the criminal justice system can result in higher incarceration rates

26
Q

crime in low-income communities

A

lower class is over-represented in the statistics on criminal convictions and admissions to prison

  • lack of resources
  • limited ability for impression management
27
Q

impression management

A

control of personal information flow to manipulate how others see and treat you

28
Q

criminology

A

study of patterns in criminal behaviour to learn about how crime can be predicted, prevented and sanctioned

29
Q

social determinants of crime

A

closely related to poverty, social exclusion, wage and income, inequality, cultural and family background, level of education and other economic and social factors that may affect individuals propensity to commit crimes such as cultural characteristics, age and sex

30
Q

white collar crime definition and types

A

a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his/her occupation
occupation
corporate

31
Q

occupation crimes

A

benefit the individual at the expense of other individuals who work for the company
sexual assault

32
Q

corporate crimes

A

benefit the corporation and its executives at the expense of other companies and the general public

33
Q

three central theories of criminal deviance

A

strain theory
subculture theory
labelling theory

34
Q

thomas theorem

A

individual interpret shared experiences differently and an individuals view of a particular situation will influence the way they react to it

SOC 111 (9 decks)

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