chapter 6 Flashcards
What are the two distinct types of cell?
Give the organisms of the domains that consist of the two types of cells.
prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Prokaryotic : Bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotic: protists, fungi, animals and plants
What do all cells have in common?
Plasma membrane,
chromosomes
ribosomes
cytosol
What are the differences between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes?
Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles but prokaryotes don’t.
Give the organelles in an animal cell then an plant cell.
Animal cell:
Nucleus Endoplasmic Reticulum Mitochondrion Golgi apparatus Ribosomes plasma membrane cytoskeleton peroxisome lysosome centrosome microvilli
Plant cell: everything animal cell has central vacuole chloroplasts cell wall plasmodesmata
Give the three parts in a nucleus
give the function of the nucleus
Nuclear envelope
Nuclear lamina
chromatin
The nucleus contains most of the genes in the eukaryotic cell.
name and give the functions of the three things in the nucleus
Nuclear envelope : perforated double bilipid membrane that encloses the nucleus
Nuclear lamina: protein filaments that maintains nucleus structure
chromatin: a complex of proteins and Dan that makes up chromosomes
How many chromosomes does a typical human cell have
what about the sex cells of a human?
\
48
24
What are ribosomes made of
what do they do
are the considered organelles? explain your answer
they are made of complexes of rRNA and proteins
they carry out protein synthesis
they are not considered organelles due to not being membrane bounded
give the two types and locations of ribosomes
bounded and free
bounded are attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
free are floating about enjoying life in the cytosol
Give the organelles part of the end-membrane system
Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum plasma membrane vacuoles lysosomes nuclear envelope
give the functions of the endomembrane system
protein synthesis transport of proteins metabolism movement of lipids detoxification of poisons
name the functions of the smooth ER
synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, detoxification of drugs and poisons, storage of calcium ions. sex hormones synthesis
name the functions of the rough ER
Secretory proteins
membrane proteins and phospholipids
give the functions of the Golgi apparatus
products of the ER, such as proteins, are modified and stored and then sent to other destinations.
explain the fluid mosaic model
membranes are not static or stationary but in constant movement with proteins and phospholipids free to move.
