Chapter 6 (1)

Question 1

The landed elite: Continuity

Answer 1

Retained much of their previous wealth and status
Mostly nobles
Society remained highly stratified

Question 2

The landed elite: Change

Question 3

Industrial Progress

Answer 3

Factories increased from 1.3 million to 2.6 million by 1908
Foreign investment increase from 98 million Rubles to 911 million
Coal output increased from 183 million puds to 671 million
By 1892 there was a surplus through growing exportation
Crude oil production grew from 0.5 million metric tons in 1880 to almost 4 million by 1890
Railways doubled in size with 60% being state owned by 1894
4th largest economy by 1897

Question 4

Industrial Stagnation

Answer 4

Only really affected the cities and towns
Majority of workers (80%-90%) worked on the farms using cottage industries
Railways were not effective as they did not connect the entirety of Russia
Weak and slow compared to other countries as the ruble value varied

Question 5

Agricultural Progress

Answer 5

Kulaks were the wealthier class and could buy and sell land which promoted the economy
Export levels of grains were high
Land banks created in 1883 which gave peasants the ability to take out loans and buy and sell land
Siberia was promoted in 1896 which harnessed more of the countries resources which enhanced national agricutural demand

Question 6

Agricultural Stagnation

Answer 6

Still was heavily backwards as used oxen and horses rather than machinery
Severe famine in 1891-1892 which was further hindered by lack of agricultural advancements
Redemption payments tied peasants to their land meaning they had less opportunities to advance