Chapter 53 Flashcards
The pattern of spacing among individuals within the boundaries of the population
Dispersion
The number of individuals per unit area of volume
Density
Why a population may grow?
Births/immigration
Why a population may decrease?
Deaths/emigration
The most common pattern of dispersion? Where individuals are aggregated in patches
Clumped dispersion
An evenly spaced pattern of dispersion?
Uniform dispersion
The defense of a bounded physical space against encroachment by other individuals
Territoriality
The study of vital statistics of populations and how they change over time
Demography
Age-specific summaries of the survival pattern of a population
Life tables
A group of individuals of the same age, from birth until all of the individuals are dead
Cohort
A plot of the proportion or numbers in a cohort still alive at each age
Survivorship curve
An age-specific summary of the reproductive rates in a population
Reproductive table
When the per capita birth rates and death rates are equal
Zero population growth
The maximum population size that a particular environment can sustain
Carrying capacity
When reproduction begins, how often organisms reproduce, how many offspring are produced per reproductive episode
Life history
Big Bang reproduction
Semelparity
Repeated production
Iteropathy
Density dependent selection
K-selection
Selection for traits that maximize reproductive success in uncrowded low density environments
R-selection
A birth rate or death rate that does not change with population density
Density independent
A death rate that rises as population density rises or birth rate that falls with rising density
Density dependent
When a number of local populations are linked
Metapopulation
The movement from high birth and death relates toward low birth and death rates which tends to accompany industrialization and improved living conditions
Demographic transition
The relative number if individuals of each age in the population
Age structure
