Chapter 5.2 Pathogens and disease

Question 1

What are communicable diseases caused by?

Answer 1

Communicable diseases are caused by microorganisms called pathogens which include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists.

Question 2

what is the definition of a communicable disease?

Answer 2

An infectious disease transmissible (as from person to person) by direct contact with an affected individual or the individual’s discharges or by indirect means (as by a vector).

Question 3

Where do viruses live and reproduce?

Answer 3

Viruses live and reproduce inside your cells, causing cell damage.

Question 4

What is the definition of a virus?

Answer 4

An infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host.

Question 5

What is the definition of a bacteria?

Answer 5

A member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms which have cell walls but lack organelles and an organised nucleus, including some which can cause disease.

Question 6

What is the definition of a fungus?

Answer 6

Any of a group of spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter, including moulds, yeast, mushrooms, and toad stools.

Question 7

How do bacteria cause disease?

Answer 7

Bacteria divide rapidly by splitting in two (called binary fission). They may produce toxins that affect your body and sometimes they will affect the cells directly.