Chapter 52: Infertility

Question 1

Advanced Maternal Age

Answer 1

a patient who will be 35 or older at the time of delivery

Question 2

First trimester testing combined with ultrasound between 11 and 14 wks is…

Answer 2

looking for biochemical markers associated with plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and free BhCG3. These lab values are used in conjunction with an ultrasound to measure the nuchal translucency

Question 3

Second trimester screening can be performed with

Answer 3

the maternal serum quad screen lab value and targeted ultrasound exam

Question 4

A targeted detailed evaluation of all fetal anatomy that can be seen between

Answer 4

18 and 20 wks

Question 5

Hydrops Fetalis

Answer 5

a condition in which excessive fluid accumulates within the fetal body cavities

Question 6

Excessive fluid accumulation may result in

Answer 6

anasarca, ascities, pericardial effusion, pleural effusion, placenta edema or polyhydramnios

Question 7

Any substance that elicits an immunologic response, such as production of anitbody to that substance

Answer 7

is an anitgen

Question 8

Sonograhpic findings for Hydrops

Answer 8

scalp edema, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, ascities, polyhydramnios and thickened placenta

Question 9

A procedure in which a needle is placed into the fetal umbilical vein and a blood sample is obtained is

Answer 9

cordocentesis

Question 10

Infants with thrombocytopenia are at increased risk for

Answer 10

intracerebral hemorrhage in utero and spontaneous bleeding

Question 11

A group of conditions in which hydrops is present in the fetus but is not a result of fetomaternal blood group incompatibility is

Answer 11

non-immune hydrops

Question 12

Cardiovascular lesions are often the most frequent causes of

Answer 12

NIH (non-immune hydrops)

Question 13

congestive heart failure may result from

Answer 13

functional cardiac problems: dysrhythmias, tachycardias, myocarditis and from structural anomalies, such as hypoplastic left heart and other types of congenital heart disease

Question 14

if glucose levels are high and uncontrolled

Answer 14

the fetus may become marcosomic

Question 15

If delivery of a marcosomic infant is attempted vaginally, the physician may have difficulty delivering the shoulders of the baby after the head has delivered is termed..

Answer 15

shoulder dystocia

Question 16

Anomalies associated with diabetes include

Answer 16

congenital heart and neural tube defects

Question 17

The most common cardiac problems in the diabetic fetus include

Answer 17

transposition of the great arteries and tetralogy of fallot

Question 18

What is seen almost exclusively in diabetic individuals?

Answer 18

caudal regression syndrome (lack of development of caudal spine and cord)