Chapter 5.1 -5.2 Flashcards
a long molecule consisting of many similiar or identical monomers linked together
polymer
monomer
the subunit that serves as the building blocks of a polymer
carbohydrate
a sugar (monosaccaride) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides)
glycogen
an extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch
a sugar (monosaccaride) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides)
carbohydrate
a structural polysaccharide of an amino sugar found in many fungi and in the exoskeletons of all arthropods
chitin
dehydration reaction
,a chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule hydrolysis,a chemical process that lyses, or splits, molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion
amino acid
an organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino group. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins
polysaccharide
a polymer of up to over a thousand monosaccharides, formed by dehydration reactions
a reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule, usually water; also called dehydration reaction
condensation reaction
,a chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule hydrolysis,a chemical process that lyses, or splits, molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion
dehydration reaction
condensation reaction
a reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule, usually water; also called dehydration reaction
disaccharide
a double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis
starch
a storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose
cellulose
a structural polysaccharide of cell walls, consisting of glucose monomers joined by β-1, 4-glycosidic linkages
a giant molecule form by the joining of smaller molecules, usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccarides, proteins, and nucleic acids area macromolecules
macromolecule
protein
a three dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids
a double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis
disaccharide
a polymer of up to over a thousand monosaccharides, formed by dehydration reactions
polysaccharide
an organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino group. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins
amino acid
the subunit that serves as the building blocks of a polymer
monomer
a storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose
starch
an extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch
glycogen
a structural polysaccharide of cell walls, consisting of glucose monomers joined by β-1, 4-glycosidic linkages
cellulose
