Chapter 5.1 -5.2

Question 1

a long molecule consisting of many similiar or identical monomers linked together

Answer 1

polymer

Question 2

monomer

Answer 2

the subunit that serves as the building blocks of a polymer

Question 2

carbohydrate

Answer 2

a sugar (monosaccaride) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides)

Question 2

glycogen

Answer 2

an extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch

Question 3

a sugar (monosaccaride) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides)

Answer 3

carbohydrate

Question 3

a structural polysaccharide of an amino sugar found in many fungi and in the exoskeletons of all arthropods

Answer 3

chitin

Question 5

dehydration reaction

Answer 5

,a chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule hydrolysis,a chemical process that lyses, or splits, molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion

Question 6

amino acid

Answer 6

an organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino group. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins

Question 7

polysaccharide

Answer 7

a polymer of up to over a thousand monosaccharides, formed by dehydration reactions

Question 8

a reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule, usually water; also called dehydration reaction

Answer 8

condensation reaction

Question 9

,a chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule hydrolysis,a chemical process that lyses, or splits, molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion

Answer 9

dehydration reaction

Question 11

condensation reaction

Answer 11

a reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule, usually water; also called dehydration reaction

Question 11

disaccharide

Answer 11

a double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis

Question 11

starch

Answer 11

a storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose

Question 12

cellulose

Answer 12

a structural polysaccharide of cell walls, consisting of glucose monomers joined by β-1, 4-glycosidic linkages

Question 13

a giant molecule form by the joining of smaller molecules, usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccarides, proteins, and nucleic acids area macromolecules

Answer 13

macromolecule

Question 14

protein

Answer 14

a three dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids

Question 16

a double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis

Answer 16

disaccharide

Question 17

a polymer of up to over a thousand monosaccharides, formed by dehydration reactions

Answer 17

polysaccharide

Question 18

an organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino group. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins

Answer 18

amino acid

Question 19

the subunit that serves as the building blocks of a polymer

Answer 19

monomer

Question 20

a storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose

Answer 20

starch

Question 21

an extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch

Answer 21

glycogen

Question 23

a structural polysaccharide of cell walls, consisting of glucose monomers joined by β-1, 4-glycosidic linkages

Answer 23

cellulose

Question 24

chitin

Answer 24

a structural polysaccharide of an amino sugar found in many fungi and in the exoskeletons of all arthropods

Question 25

polymer

Answer 25

a long molecule consisting of many similiar or identical monomers linked together

Question 26

a covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction

Answer 26

glycosidic linkage

Question 28

macromolecule

Answer 28

a giant molecule form by the joining of smaller molecules, usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccarides, proteins, and nucleic acids area macromolecules

Question 29

glycosidic linkage

Answer 29

a covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction

Question 30

a three dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids

Answer 30

protein

Question 31

monosaccharides

Answer 31

the simplest carbohydrate, active alone or serving as a monomer for disaccharides and polysaccharides. Also known as simple sugars, the molecular formulas of monosacharides are generally some multiple of CH₂O

Question 32

the simplest carbohydrate, active alone or serving as a monomer for disaccharides and polysaccharides. Also known as simple sugars, the molecular formulas of monosacharides are generally some multiple of CH₂O

Answer 32

monosaccharides