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OB Final Study > Chapter 51 > Flashcards

Chapter 51 Flashcards

1
Q

The S/D ratio cannot be measured when which one of the following conditions is present?

a. Diastolic flow is continuous.
b. Systolic flow exceeds 100 cm/sec.
c. Acceleration time is decreased.
d. Diastolic flow is absent.

A

d. Diastolic flow is absent.

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2
Q

Significant maternal risk factors for IUGR include all of the following except:

a. History of a fetus with IUGR
b. Significant hypotension
c. History of tobacco use
d. Significant placenta hemorrhage

A

b. Significant hypotension

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3
Q

An S/D ratio of the umbilical artery can be used to evaluate fetal well-being:

a. Beginning at 20 weeks’ gestation
b. After 25 weeks’ gestation
c. After 30 weeks’ gestation
d. Throughout the pregnancy

A

c. After 30 weeks’ gestation

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4
Q

Which one of the following statements about IUGR is false?

a. The BPD used alone is a poor indicator of IUGR.
b. The HC:AC ratio is useful in determining the type of IUGR.
c. The FL may decrease in size with symmetric IUGR.
d. The FL:AC ratio is a good positive predictive value of IUGR.

A

d. The FL:AC ratio is a good positive predictive value of IUGR.

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5
Q

The placenta of the macrosomic fetus can become which one of the following?

a. Significantly thin
b. Significantly calcified
c. Extremely small
d. Significantly large

A

d. Significantly large

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6
Q

Assessing amniotic fluid volume using the sum of four quadrants is called which one of the following?

a. AFI
b. Amniotic fluid volume
c. Total uterine volume
d. Pocket index

A

a. AFI

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7
Q

An AFI of 9 cm is considered which one of the following?

a. Polyhydramnios
b. Oligohydramnios
c. Within lower limits of the normal amniotic fluid volume
d. Premature rupture of membranes

A

c. Within lower limits of the normal amniotic fluid volume

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8
Q

Increased vascular resistance to the fetus is reflected by a(n) ______________.

a. Decrease in the systolic-to-diastolic (S/D) ratio
b. Decrease in pulsatility index
c. Increase in the S/D ratio
d. Decrease is both the S/D ratio and the pulsatility index.

A

c. Increase in the S/D ratio

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9
Q

Macrosomia is defined as a birth weight of which one of the following?

a. Above 90% for estimated gestational age
b. Above 3900 grams (g)
c. Above 95% for estimated gestational age
d. At or above 95% for estimated gestational age

A

a. Above 90% for estimated gestational age

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10
Q

Asymmetric intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) may show all of the following except:

a. Placental problem
b. Head measurements correlating with dates
c. Body disproportionately smaller
d. Body and head small for dates

A

d. Body and head small for dates

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11
Q

Which one of the following statements about amniotic fluid is false?

a. Oligohydramnios occurs if the fetus cannot urinate.
b. Polyhydramnios develops if the fetus cannot swallow.
c. An amniotic fluid pocket greater than 5 cm may represent IUGR.
d. Not all oligohydramnios are associated with IUGR.

A

c. An amniotic fluid pocket greater than 5 cm may represent IUGR.

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12
Q

Clinical observations for IUGR include all of the following except:

a. Increased fundal height Correctx
b. Decreased fetal motion
c. Grade 3 placenta before 36 weeks
d. Decreased placental thickness

A

a. Increased fundal height

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13
Q

An increased incidence of morbidity and mortality as the result of head and shoulder injuries is found in which one of the following?

a. Microsomic fetus
b. Neural tube fetus
c. Macrosomic fetus
d. Fetus with radial dysplasia

A

c. Macrosomic fetus

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14
Q

Calculating a macrosomic index can be performed by subtracting the __________ from the ___________.

a. Chest circumference; AC
b. BPD; chest circumference
c. BPD; AC
d. Chest circumference; BPD

A

b. BPD; chest circumference

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15
Q

Which one of the following is not a parameter of a biophysical profile?

a. Nonstress test
b. Amniotic fluid volume
c. Fetal swallowing
d. Fetal breathing movement

A

c. Fetal swallowing

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16
Q

The assessment of the fetus to determine fetal well-being, including an evaluation of a cardiac nonstress test and the observation of fetal breathing movement, gross fetal body movements, fetal tone, and amniotic fluid volume, is known as which one of the following?

a. Apgar score
b. Nonstress test
c. Biophysical profile
d. Reflex index

A

c. Biophysical profile

17
Q

Which one of the following fetal body organs is most severely affected by IUGR?

a. Brain
b. Liver
c. Kidney
d. Heart

A

b. Liver

18
Q

Which one of the following measurements incorporates several fetal growth parameters such as BPD, head circumference (HC), AC, and femur length (FL)?

a. Estimated fetal weight (EFW)
b. IUGR
c. Biophysical profile
d. Fetal growth chart

A

a. Estimated fetal weight (EFW)

19
Q

One of the growth problems of the diabetic fetus is which one of the following abnormalities?

a. Small for gestational age
b. Macrosomia
c. Microsomia
d. Symmetric IUGR

A

b. Macrosomia

20
Q

IUGR is most commonly defined as a fetal birth weight __________ for a given gestational age.

a. Below the 10%
b. At or below the 10%
c. At or below the 5%
d. Below the 5%

A

b. At or below the 10%

21
Q

Symmetric IUGR is usually the result of which one of the following?

a. Second-trimester infection
b. Placental insufficiency
c. First-trimester insult
d. Maternal renal disease

A

c. First-trimester insult

22
Q

The single most useful biometric parameter to assess fetal growth is which one of the following parameters?

a. BPD
b. Chest circumference
c. AC
d. FL

A

c. AC

23
Q

Asymmetric IUGR is usually caused by which one of the following?

a. Chromosomal abnormalities
b. Maternal malnutrition
c. Placental insufficiency
d. Fetal alcohol syndrome

A

c. Placental insufficiency

24
Q

The normal amniotic fluid index (AFI) should range between ___________ centimeters (cm).

a. 1 to 5
b. 5 to 8
c. 7 to 16
d. 8 to 22

A

d. 8 to 22

25
Q

The single most sensitive indicator of IUGR is which one of the following?

a. Last menstrual period
b. FL
c. HC:AC ratio
d. AC Correct

A

d. AC

OB Final Study (4 decks)

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