Chapter 5 Vocabulary Flashcards
mol/L
Molarity (M)
M1V1 = M2V2
Dilution
What type of water molecule is water?
Polar
uneven balance of charges (will dissolve in water)
Polar
Even balance of charges
nonpolar
interacts with oxygen
Cation
interacts with Hydrogen
Anion
Ions in water the conduct electricity
Electrolyte
covalent / molecular compounds don’t make ions
Non-electrolytes
completely dissolves
Strong Electrolyte
doesn’t dissolve
Weak Electrolyte
an attraction between two atoms that already participate in other chemical bonds
Hydrogen bonds
What has covalent bonds that can break in water?
Acids
some acids break down completely
strong acid & strong electrolyte
some acids break down only partially
weak acid & weak electrolyte
Produces H+ in water
Acid
Produces OH- in water
Base
Releases more than 1 H+
Polyprotic acids
H2SO4
Diprotic
H3PO4
Triprotic
a chemical equation where all dissolved ionic compounds are written as their individual ions
Complete ionic equation
a chemical equation that only shows the ions or molecules directly participating in a reaction, excluding any “spectator ions” which are present on both sides of the reaction and do not change during the process
Net ionic equation
electrons are transferred from one molecule to another
Oxidation-reduction reaction (redox)
loss of electrons, becomes more positive (+)
Oxidation
Gain of electrons, becomes more negative (-)
Reduction
OIL RIG
Oxidation Is Loss of electrons, Reduction Is Gaining
reaction of a substance with O2 to form one or more oxygen-containing compound, often including H2O
Combustion Reactions
If one atom causes another to be oxidized, it is the
Oxidizing agent
If one atom causes another to be reduced, it is the
Reducing agent
If a substance was oxidized, it is also a
reducing agent
If a substance was reduced, it is also an
oxidizing agent
