Chapter 1 vocabulary

Question 1

understand all matter by understanding how atoms work

Answer 1

Chemistry

Question 2

sub-microscopic particles that make up everything

Answer 2

Atoms

Question 3

atoms bound together

Answer 3

Molecules

Question 4

has to be falsifiable

Answer 4

Hypothesis

Question 5

has to do with numbers

Answer 5

Quantitative

Question 6

has to do with observations

Answer 6

Qualitative

Question 7

summary of past observations to predict future ones

Answer 7

Law

Question 8

a model that explains why nature works

Answer 8

Theory

Question 9

volume: fixed
shape: fixed
movement: small vibrations

Answer 9

Solid

Question 10

volume: fixed
shape: changes based on container
movement: 3D movement in liquid

Answer 10

Liquid

Question 11

volume: changes based on container
shape: changes based on container
movement: 3D in the container

Answer 11

Gas

Question 12

–> Pure Substance
–> Mixture

Answer 12

Matter

Question 13

–> Element
–> Compound

Answer 13

Pure Substance

Question 14

–> Heterogeneous
–> Homogeneous

Answer 14

Mixture

Question 15

a physical combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded together

Answer 15

Mixture

Question 16

a form of matter composed of only one type of particle

Answer 16

Pure Substance

Question 17

a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture

Answer 17

Heterogeneous mixture

Question 18

a mixture where the components are evenly distributed throughout

Answer 18

Homogeneous mixture

Question 19

carefully pouring off

Answer 19

Decanting

Question 20

separating a homogeneous mixture of liquids. (separate by boiling points)

Answer 20

Distillation

Question 21

separate a liquid from a solid using paper

Answer 21

Filtration

Question 22

property that is displayed without changing its composition (bonded)

Answer 22

Physical Property

Question 23

displayed when you change composition via reaction

Answer 23

Chemical Property

Question 24

associated with the temperature (actually it is kinetic energy)

Answer 24

Thermal energy

Question 25

he energy an object has because of its motion

Answer 25

Kinetic Energy

Question 26

a type of energy that is stored in an object due to its position relative to other objects

Answer 26

Potential Energy

Question 27

Kinetic + Potential

Answer 27

Total Energy

Question 28

0 = water freezing
100 = water boiling

Answer 28

Fahrenheit

Question 29

no negative numbers
273 = water freezing
373 = water boiling

Answer 29

Kelvin

Question 30

how much something weighs per its volume

Answer 30

a derived unit

Question 31

independent on amount of stuff

Answer 31

Intensive Property

Question 32

dependent on amount of stuff

Answer 32

Extensive Property

Question 33

no limit to significant figures

Answer 33

exact numbers

Question 34

how close a measured value is to the actual value

Answer 34

Accuracy

Question 35

how close measurements are to each other

Answer 35

Precision

Question 36

inevitable mistakes during trails (can average out with enough trials)

Answer 36

Random Error

Question 37

repeated error that is too high or too low.

Answer 37

Systematic Error

Question 38

atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons (i.e., atomic number, “Z”) but a different number of neutrons, meaning that their mass number, “A”, varies

Answer 38

Isotopes

Question 39

an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge

Answer 39

Ion