chapter 5 vocab

Question 1

an indo-european person who settled on the greek mainland around 2000 bc

Answer 1

mycenean

Question 2

a war, fought around 1200 bc in which an army led by mycenaean kings attacked the independent trading city of troy in anatolia

Answer 2

trojan war

Question 3

a greek-speaking person that, according to tradition, migrated into mainland greece after the destruction of the mycenaean civilization

Answer 3

dorian

Question 4

a blind man who was the greatest storyteller

Answer 4

homer

Question 5

a long narrative poem celebrating the deeds of legendary or traditional heroes

Answer 5

epic

Question 6

a traditional story about gods, ancestors, or heroes, told to explain the natural world or the customs and beliefs of a society

Answer 6

myth

Question 7

a greek city state- the fundamental political unit of ancient greece after about 750 bc

Answer 7

polis

Question 8

a fortified hilltop in an ancient greek city

Answer 8

acropolis

Question 9

a government in which power is in the hands of a single person

Answer 9

monarchy

Question 10

a government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility

Answer 10

aristocracy

Question 11

a government in which power is in the hands of a few people- especially one in which rule is based upon wealth

Answer 11

oligarchy

Question 12

in ancient greece, a powerful individual who gained control of a city-state’s government by appealing to the poor for support

Answer 12

tyrant

Question 13

a government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through representatives

Answer 13

democracy

Question 14

in the society of ancient sparta, a peasant bound to the land

Answer 14

helot

Question 15

a military formation of a foot soldiers armed with spears and shields

Answer 15

phalanx

Question 16

a series of wars in the fifth century bc in which greek city-states battled the persian empire

Answer 16

persian wars

Question 17

a government in which citizens rule directly rather than through representatives

Answer 17

direct democracy

Question 18

the art of ancient greece and rome, in which harmony, order, and proportion, were emphasized

Answer 18

classical art

Question 19

a serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character

Answer 19

tragedy

Question 20

a humorous form of drama that often includes slapstick and satire

Answer 20

comedy

Question 21

a war, lasting from 431 to 404 bc, in which athens and its allies were defeated by sparta and its allies

Answer 21

peloponnesian war

Question 22

a thinker who uses logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society, and morality

Answer 22

philosopher

Question 23

father of modern philosophy, critic of the sophists

Answer 23

socrates

Question 24

a student of socrates, and teacher of aristotle

Answer 24

plato

Question 25

student of plato and applied his methods to problems in science

Answer 25

aristotle

Question 26

the king of macedonia

Answer 26

philip ll

Question 27

an ancient kingdom north of greece, whose ruler phillip ll conquered greece in 338 bc

Answer 27

macedonia

Question 28

the king of macedonia after his father philip

Answer 28

alexander the great

Question 29

the king of persia

Answer 29

darius lll

Question 30

relating to the civilization, language, art, science, and literature of the greek world from the reign of alexander the great to the late second century

Answer 30

hellenistic

Question 31

egyptian city that became the foremost center of commerce and hellenistic civilization

Answer 31

alexandria

Question 32

a highly regarded mathematician who taught in alexandria

Answer 32

euclid

Question 33

important hellenistic scientist that studied at alexandria

Answer 33

archimedes

Question 34

an enormous hellenistic statue that formerly stood near the harbor of rhodes

Answer 34

colossus of rhodes