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Western Civilization > chapter 1 and chapter 2 vocab > Flashcards

chapter 1 and chapter 2 vocab Flashcards

1
Q

human made objects such as tools and jewelry

A

artifacts

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2
Q

peoples unique way of life, as shown by its tools and customs

A

culture

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3
Q

humans and other creatures that walk upright

A

hominids

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4
Q

a prehistoric period that lasted from about 2,500,000 to 8,000 bc during which people made use of crude stone tools and weapons- also called the old stone age

A

paleolithic age

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5
Q

a prehistoric period that began about 8,000 bc and in some areas ended as early 3,000 bc during which people learned to polish stone tools, make pottery, grow crops, and raise animals- also called the new stone age

A

neolithic age

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6
Q

ways of applying knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet their needs

A

technology

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7
Q

the species name for modern humans

A

homo sapiens

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8
Q

highly mobile people who moved from place to place foraging, or searching, for new sources of food

A

nomads

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9
Q

nomadic groups whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods

A

hunter-gatherers

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10
Q

the major change in human life caused by the beginning of farmings- that is, by peoples shift from food gathering to food producing

A

neolithic revolution

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11
Q

trees and grasses are cut and burned them into a field

A

slash-and-burn farming

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12
Q

taming of animals

A

domestication

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13
Q

a form of culture characterized by cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology

A

civilization

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14
Q

the development of skills in a specific kind of work

A

specialization

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15
Q

skilled workers who make good by hand

A

artisans

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16
Q

a long-lasting pattern of organization in a community

A

institution

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17
Q

professional record keepers

A

scribes

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18
Q

a system of writing meaning “wedge-shaped”

A

cuneiform

19
Q

the time when people used bronze rather than copper and stone to fashion tools and weapons

A

bronze age

20
Q

a way of trading goods and services without money

A

barter

21
Q

pyramid-shaped monument

A

ziggurat

22
Q

arc of rich farmland in southwest asia, between the persian and mediterranean sea

A

fertile crescent

23
Q

part of the fertile crescent, and faces the mediterranean sea

A

mesopotamia

24
Q

each city and the surrounding land it controlled

A

city state

25
Q

a series of rulers from a single family

A

dynasty

26
Q

the spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another

A

cultural diffusion

27
Q

the belief in more than one god

A

polytheism

28
Q

the belief in one god

A

monotheism

29
Q

a political unit of in which a number of peoples or countries are controlled by a single ruler

A

empire

30
Q

the creator of the first set of laws written down

A

hammurabi

31
Q

a marshy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river

A

delta

32
Q

kings of ancient egypt, considered a god as well as a political and military leader

A

pharaohs

33
Q

a government in which the ruler is viewed as a divine figure and is controlled by religious leaders

A

theocracy

34
Q

a massive structure with a rectangular base and four triangle sides

A

pyramid

35
Q

a process of embalming and drying corpses

A

mummification

36
Q

a change or process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment

A

adaptation

37
Q

what are the three major elements that separate the worlds “haves” and “have nots”

A

guns, germs, and steel

38
Q

taking crops that you find and taking them home and planting them

A

the process of domesticating crops

39
Q

tall reed that grows in the nile delta, used to make paper like material

A

papyrus

40
Q

king that gave evidence that united north and south egypt

A

narmer

41
Q

how did te movement of the early civilizations of the fertile crescent further support diamonds idea that geography played a key role in the success of a civilization?

A

when the movement came to the middle east, all of a sudden there was enough food for everyone, the animals and crops to support the hunger of everybody.

42
Q

where can the domesticated animals be found

A

south america, asia, north africa, and europe

43
Q

zebras, llamas, water buffalo, goats, sheep, pigs, cows, horses, camels, reindeer, yaks, and cattle

A

domesticated animals

Western Civilization (3 decks)

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