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Psychology 101 > Chapter 5 - Variations in Consciousness > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Variations in Consciousness Flashcards

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1
Q

Lobes of the brain involved in conciousness? (2)

A

Frontal + parietal

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2
Q

monitors brain electrical activity

A

Electroencephalograph (EEG)

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3
Q
A
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4
Q

2 Ways brain waves are measured

A
  1. amplitude
  2. Frequency
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5
Q

CPS of Beta waves

A

13-24

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6
Q

CPS of Alpha waves

A

8-12

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7
Q

CPS Theta waves

A

4-7

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8
Q

CPS Delta waves

A

<4

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9
Q

Brain waves associated with normal waking thought, alert problem solving. ALSO REMBrain waves associated with

A

Beta waves

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10
Q

Brain waves associated with deep relaxation / blank mind meditation

A

Alpha waves

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11
Q

Brain waves associated with light sleep (stage 1-2)

A

Theta waves

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12
Q

Brain waves associated with deep sleep AKA slow wave sleep

A

Delta waves (slow wave)

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13
Q

Production of melatonin / physiological pathway of the biological clock

A

Light levels > retina > suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus > pineal gland > secretion of melatonin

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14
Q

How much time do infants spend in REM sleep per night?

%

A

50%

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15
Q

What percentage of time sleeping is spent in REM for adults?

A

20%

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16
Q

A difference between a 20 year old and 70 year old sleep structure?

A

Older will spend more time in stage 2, less time in stage 3 (deep sleep)

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17
Q

consists of the afferent fibres running
through tbe reticular formation that influence
physiological arousal.

A

ARAS (ascending reticular acticating system)

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18
Q

2 areas in the brain critical to the generation of REM sleep

A

PONS and adjacent areas in the MIDBRAIN

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19
Q

Area in the brain that regulates sleep and wakefulness

A

hypothalamus

20
Q

areas in the brain that may control of sleep and a variety of neurotransmitters are involved

A

medulla, thalamus, and basal forebrain

21
Q

Who theorized that dreams are wish-fulfillment; manifest and latent content of dreams

A

Freud

22
Q

Who hypothesized that dreams help woth cognitive problem-solving; enhanced learning after dreaming about a task

A

Cartwright

23
Q

Who hypothesized activation-synthesis, that dreams are solely byproducts of bursts of neural activity?

A

Hobson and McCarley

24
Q

Who popularized the term hypnotism?

A

James Braid

25
Q

4 valid effects produced through hypnosis:

A
  • anesthesia
  • sensory distortions / hallucinations
  • disinhibition
  • posthypnotic suggestions and amnesia
26
Q

Who believed hypnosis to be role playing?

2 people

A

Theodore Barber + Nicholas Spanos

27
Q

Who believed hypnosis to be an altered state of consciousness / dissociation

A

Ernest Hilgard

28
Q

Dissociation

A

a splitting off of mental processes into two separate, simultaneous streams of awareness.

29
Q

What is this an example of: people will often drive a car a great distance, responding to traffic signals and other cars, with no recollection of having consciously done so

A

divided consciousness

30
Q

refers to a family of practices that train attention to heighten awareness and bring mental processes under greater voluntary control.

A

Meditation

31
Q

Type of meditation where th emind is focused on something specific

A

focused attention

32
Q

Type of meditation where attention is directed to the contents of one’s moment-to-moment experience in a nonjudgmental and nonreactive way

A

open monitoring meditaiton

33
Q

chemical substances that modify mental, emotional, or behavioural functioning.

A

Psychoactive drugs

34
Q

Category of drugs primarily used for pain relief

A

Opioids

35
Q

Morphine, heroin and oxycodone are examples of:

Drug class

A

Opioids

36
Q

Category of sleep inducing drugs

A

Sedatives

37
Q

Category of drugs that increases CNS activity

A

Stimulants

38
Q

Category of drugs that distort sensory and perceptual experience

A

Hallucinogens

39
Q

Category of drugs that produce mild, relaxed euphoria

A

Cannabis

40
Q

Category of drug that produces relaxed euphoria, decreases inhibition

A

Alcohol

41
Q

Barbituates and nonbarbituates are examples of:

Class of drug

A

Sedatives

42
Q

Cocaine blocks reuptake of wich neurotransmitters?

3

A

Dopamine, norepinepherine, serotonin

43
Q

Amphetamines and cocaine increase activity at which circuits?

A

Dopamine (reward) circuits

44
Q

MDMA leads to a learge release of WHICH nt?

A

Serotonin

45
Q

THC hijacks brains cannabinoid receptors, which lead to release of???

naturally occuring morphines

A

endorphins

46
Q
A

Psychology 101 (5 decks)

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