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Anatomy and Physiology > Chapter 5 - Tissues > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four major types of tissues?

A

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

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2
Q

Widespread throughout the body, covers organs, and lines body surfaces

A

Epithelial tissue

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3
Q

Anchored to a basement membrane, made up of tightly packed cells containing little intercellular material, generally lack blood vessels, and are replaced frequently

A

Epithelial tissue

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4
Q

Function in protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, and sensory reception

A

Epithelial tissue

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5
Q

Made up of a single layer of thin, flattened cells

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

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6
Q

Because it is suited for diffusion, it functions in the exchange of gases in the lungs and lines blood and lymph vessels as well as body cavities

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

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7
Q

Consists of a single layer of cube-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

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8
Q

Functions in secretion and absorption in the kidneys, and in secretion in glands

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

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9
Q

Made up of a row of elongated cells whose nuclei are all located near the basement membrane. It may be ciliated

A

Simple Columnar Epithelium

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10
Q

Lines the uterus, stomach, and intestines where it protects underlying tissues, secretes digestive fluids, and absorbs nutrients

A

Simple Columnar Epithelium

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11
Q

These cells appear layered due to the varying positions of their nuclei within the row of cells, but are not truly layered

A

Pseudo-stratified Columnar Epithelium

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12
Q

Cilia may be present, along with mucus-secreting goblet cells, that line and sweep debris from respiratory tubes

A

Pseudo-stratified Columnar Epithelium

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13
Q

Made up of layers of flattened cells that are designed to protect underlying layers

A

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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14
Q

Makes up the outer layer of skin, and lines the mouth, throat, vagina, and anal canal

A

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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15
Q

Consists of 2-3 layers of cuboidal cells lining a lumen of the mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and pancreas

A

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

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16
Q

Consists of several layers of cells and is found in the vas deferens, part of the male urethra, and parts of the pharynx

A

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

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17
Q

Designed to distend and return to its normal size, as it does in the lining of the urinary bladder

A

Transitional Epithelium

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18
Q

Made up of cells designed to produce and secrete substances into ducts or into body fluids

A

Glandular Epithelium

19
Q

Glands that secrete products into ducts

A

Exocrine

20
Q

Glands that secrete products into body fluids and blood

A

Endocrine

21
Q

Glands that release fluid products by exocytosis (pancreas) and are grouped as serous or mucus

A

Merocrine

22
Q

Glands that lose portions of their cell bodies during secretion (mammary)

A

Apocrine

23
Q

Glands that release entire cells (sebaceous)

A

Holocrine

24
Q

Bind, support, protect, serve as frameworks, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells, protect against infection, and repair tissue damage

A

Connective Tissues

25
Q

They have abundant matrix, or intercellular material, throughout, and have good blood supplies (except for cartilage)

A

Connective Tissues

26
Q

The most common cell type, a fixed star-shaped cell that secretes fibers and is large in size

A

Fibroblast

27
Q

Function as scavenger cells and defend against infection

A

Microphages

28
Q

They are large and are located near blood vessels where they release heparin (anticoagulant) and histamine (promotes inflammation)

A

Mast cells

29
Q

Types of Connective Tissue Fibers

A

Strong Collagenous Fibers, Elastic Fibers, Reticular Fibers

30
Q

This type of tissue forms delicate, thin membranes throughout the body that bind body parts together such as skin and underlying organs

A

Loose Connective (Areolar) Tissue

31
Q

Loose, connective tissue designed to store fat

A

Adipose Tissue

32
Q

It is found beneath the skin, around joints, padding the kidneys and other internal organs, and in certain abdominal membranes

A

Adipose Tissue

33
Q

Consists of densely packed collagenous fibers and is very strong but lacks a good blood supply. It is found as part of tendons and ligaments

A

Dense Connective Tissue

34
Q

A rigid connective tissue that provides a supportive framework for various structures. It lacks a vascular system and so heals slowly

A

Cartilage

35
Q

The most common type of cartilage, white with abundant fine collagen fibers, found at the ends of bones, and supports respiratory passages

A

Hyaline cartilage

36
Q

Provides a framework for the external ears and parts of the larynx

A

Elastic cartilage

37
Q

A tough tissue that provides a shock-absorbing function in intervertebral disks in the knees and pelvic girdle

A

Fibrocartilage

38
Q

The most rigid connective tissue, with deposits of mineral salts and collagen within the matrix

A

Bone

39
Q

Internally supports the body, protects, forms, muscle attachments and is the site for blood cell formation

A

Bone

40
Q

Bone cells

A

Osteocytes

41
Q

Composed of cells (red and white) suspended in a liquid matrix called plasma and functions to transport substances throughout the body

A

Blood

42
Q

Thin, sheetlike structures composed of epithelium and connective tissues, covering body surfaces and lining body cavities

A

Epithelial membranes

43
Q

Four main types of Epithelial membranes

A

serous, mucous, cutaneous, synovial

44
Q

Three major types of muscle tissues

A

Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac

Anatomy and Physiology (9 decks)

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