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KN 230 + 232 > chapter 5 tissues > Flashcards

chapter 5 tissues Flashcards

1
Q

epithelial tissue types (by location)

A

covering and lining, glandular epithelia

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2
Q

five characteristics of epithelial tissues

A

polarity, specialized contacts, supported by connective tissues, avascular but innervated, can regenerate

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3
Q

apical surface of epithelial tissue

A

exposed to exterior or cavity, most have microvilli which increase surface areas

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4
Q

basal surface

A

where epithelium is attatched to a basement membrane

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5
Q

cellularity of epithelium cells

A

composed of tightly packed cells, minimal amount of extracellular matrix

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6
Q

basement membrane of epithelium tissue

A

composed of collagen, glycoproteins, and protoglycans Act like glue to strengthen the attachment and make a barrier between the epithelium and connective tissue

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7
Q

avascularity of epithelial tissue

A

all epithelial tissues lack blood vessels , nutrients are absrobed across or diffused

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8
Q

innervation of epithelial tissue

A

highly innervated to detect changes in the enviornment

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9
Q

describe the regeneration capacity of epithelial cells

A

HIGH undergo cell division frequently

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10
Q

what are the function of epithelial tissu e

A

physical protection, selective permeability, secretions and sensations

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11
Q

simple squamous epithelium function

A

allows for rapid diffusion and filtration and secretion in serous membranes

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12
Q

simple squamous epithelium location

A

air sacs, aveoli, lining of lumen of blood and lymph vessles, serous membranes

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13
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium function

A

absroption and secretion

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14
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium location

A

lining of kidney tubuels, secretory regions of ducts and most exocrine glands, thyroid gland follicles

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15
Q

non cilliated simple columnar epithelium function

A

absorption and secretion

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16
Q

non ciliated simple columnar epithelium location

A

most of digestive tract

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17
Q

ciliated simple columnar function

A

secretion of mucin and movement of mucous

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18
Q

ciliated simple columnar location

A

lining of larger air passageways

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19
Q

cilliated pseudostratified columnar location

A

lining of larger airways of respiratory tract

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20
Q

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium function

A

protection, secretion of muscin and movement of mucus

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21
Q

non ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium function

A

protection

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22
Q

non ciliated pseudostratified columar location

A

rare lining of male urethra

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23
Q

kertatinized stratified squamous epithelium function

A

protection of underlyign tissue

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24
Q

keratinized stratified squamous epithelum location

A

epidermis !!

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25
Q

nonkeratinized stratified squamous location

A

oral cavity lining, pharynx and larynx, esophagus, lining of vagina and anus

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26
Q

non keratinized stratifed squamous epithelium function

A

protecting of underlyting tissue from abrasion

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27
Q

stratified cubiodal function

A

protection and secretion

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28
Q

stratified cuboidal location

A

ducts of most exocrine glands

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29
Q

stratified columnar epithelium function

A

protection and secretion

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30
Q

stratified columnarlocation

A

large salivary ducts

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31
Q

transitional epithelium fucntion

A

accomodated urine volume changes

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32
Q

transitional epithelium location

A

limited to urinary tract

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33
Q

what tissue type has binucleated cells?

A

transitional epithelum

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34
Q

endocrine glands

A

LACK DUCTS and secrete their products into the blood stream

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35
Q

exocrine glands

A

CAN HAVE DUCTS and go any where that isnt the blood

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36
Q

merocrine gland (eccrine gland)

A

packages and releases through exocytosis

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37
Q

examples of merocrine glands

A

swear, lacrimal, salivary, pancreas and gastric

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38
Q

apocrine glands

A

content is produced and pinched off

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39
Q

apocrine gland examples

A

mammary gralnds, ceruminous glands of the ear, and smelly sweat

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40
Q

holocine glands

A

accumulation of a product then boom

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41
Q

holocrine glands example

A

sebacous glands of the skin

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42
Q

what do all connective tissues have in common?

A

cells, protein fibers and ground substance

43
Q

cells of the connective tissues

A

fibroblasts, adipocytes, mesenchymal, fixed macrophages, wandering cells

44
Q

types of protein fibers

A

collagen, reticular and elastic

45
Q

describe collagen fibers

A

unbranched, cable like, strong flexible and resistant to streching

46
Q

desscribe reituclar fibers

A

thinner than collagen but is branching foudn in the stroma, connective tissue framwork of organs such as lymphnodes spleen and liver

47
Q

describe elastic fibers

A

strechy recoil,g go back to orginal shape

48
Q

ground substance

A

glue, have GAGS

49
Q

what are GAGS

A

glycoaminoglycans, poolysaccharide that attract and absorb water and affect the thickness of ground substance

50
Q

proteoglycan

A

when GAG is linked to a protein which acts as a flue to bond connective tissue and ffibers to ground substance

51
Q

general functions of connective tissue

A

physical protection, support, transport, binding of srtuctures, immune protection, storage

52
Q

types of embryonic connective tissue

A

mesnchyme - fetus
muscous conenctive tissue- umbillical cord

53
Q

connective tissue proper divided into what groups

A

loose and dense

54
Q

loose connective tissue

A

fewer cells and protein fibers than dense abundant ground substance

55
Q

loose connective tissue examples

A

areolar adipose reticular

56
Q

areolar tissue function

A

protects tissues and organs, bunds skin and stuff to deeper tissue

57
Q

areolar tissue location

A

papilary region of the dermis surrounds organs, nerve cells, muscle cells and parts of blood vessel walls

58
Q

adipose connective tissue location

A

subcutaneous layer, surrounds and covers some organs

59
Q

adipose connective tissue function

A

stores energy, insulates, cushions and protects

60
Q

reticular connective tissue location

A

spleen, lymphnodes and red bone marrow

61
Q

reticular connective tissue function

A

provides (stroma) supportive framework tp lymphatic organs

62
Q

dense connective tissue

A

composed primarily of protein fibers and less ground substance than loose, collagen fibers are typically dominant

63
Q

examples of dense connective tissue

A

dense regular connective tissue, dense irregular and elastic

64
Q

dense regular connective function

A

attatches bone to bone and muscle to bone collagensss

65
Q

dense regular connective location

A

tendons and ligaments

66
Q

dense irregular connective function

A

withstand stress in all directions, has collagens

67
Q

dense irregular connective locaation

A

reticular layer of the dermis, epumysium covering skeletal msucle, coveringcartilages

68
Q

elastic conenctive tissue loaction

A

walls of elastic arteries, trachea, vocal cords

69
Q

elastic connective function

A

stretching and recoil, has elastin

70
Q

supporting connective tissue general function

A

strong durable framwork that protects and supports the soft body tissue, extracellular matrix is semisolid or hard and has many protein fibers;

71
Q

two types of supporting connective tissue

A

cartilage and bone

72
Q

types of cartilage tissue

A

hyaline, fibrocartilage and elastic cartialge

73
Q

chondrocytes

A

mature cartilage cells which occupy small spaces called LACUNAE is avascular

74
Q

hyaline cartilage fucntion

A

support, forms most of fetal skeleton

75
Q

hyaline cartilage location

A

tip of nose, costal cartilage , growth plates and articular ends of long bones

76
Q

fibrocartilage location

A

intervertebral discs, pubic symphsis, mensinci of knee joints

77
Q

fibrocartilage function

A

weight bearing cartilage that resists compression, acts sometimes as a shock absorber

78
Q

elastic cartilage function

A

maintain shape while permitting LOTS of flexibillity

79
Q

elastic cartilage location

A

external ear, epiglottis

80
Q

bone connective tissue

A

makes up most of bones, extensively vascularized,

81
Q

osteocytes

A

mature bone cells and are housed in lacunae

82
Q

fibroblasts

A

reticular cells

83
Q

types of fluid connective tissue

A

blood and lymph

84
Q

blood tissue

A

made of formed elements , ground substance is plasma,

85
Q

blood function

A

transport gases, leukocytes, platlets lots of stuff

86
Q

blood location

A

primary in blood vessels and in heart

87
Q

muscle tissue

A

highly vascularized, responsible for most types of movement

88
Q

types of muscle tissue

A

skeletal, cardiac and smooth

89
Q

skeletal msucle tissue function

A

moving skeleton and thermoregulation

90
Q

skeleteal msucle location

A

attatches to bone and sometimes skin, forms external urethral and anal sphicters

91
Q

cardiac muscle tissue function

A

pump blood through heart

92
Q

cardiac muscle tissue location

A

heart wall

93
Q

intercalated discs

A

in ONLY cardiac muscle tissue, intercellular junctions between cells made of desmosomes and gap junctions

94
Q

smooth muscle tissue function

A

INVOLUNTARY, moves and propels materials through internal organs, controls the size of the lumen lacks striations

95
Q

smooth muscle tissue location

A

walls of hollow internal organs, intestines, stomach airways etcc…

96
Q

nervous tissue examples

A

neurons and glial cells

97
Q

nervous tissue fucntion

A

communication using nerve impluses and glial cells support neurons

98
Q

nervous tissue location

A

brain spinal cord and nerves

99
Q

mucous membrane

A

lines passageways and compartments that lead to external environment

100
Q

serous membrane

A

lines body cavities produce serous fluid,

101
Q

parietal layer

A

lines inside of body cavity

102
Q

visceral layer

A

lines the surface of the organ, touches it

103
Q

cutaneous membrane

A

skin

104
Q

synovial membrane

A

reduces friction on along moving bone parts

KN 230 + 232 (8 decks)

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