Chapter 5 Thermochemistry

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

Is the ability to do work or transfer heat

Question 2

Energy used to cause an object to move is called

Answer 2

Work

Question 3

Energy used to cause the temperature of an object to rise is called

Answer 3

Heat

Question 4

Kinetic energy

Answer 4

Energy of an object by virtue of its motion

Question 5

Potential energy

Answer 5

Energy an object possesses by virtue of its position or chemical composition

Question 6

The most important form of potential energy in molecules is

Answer 6

Electrostatic potential

El= kQ1Q2/d

Question 7

SI unit of energy is

Answer 7

Joule

1J=kg m^2/ s^2

Question 8

1 calorie equals

Answer 8

4.184 joules

Question 9

Work=

Answer 9

Fxd

Question 10

1st law of Thermodynamics

Answer 10

Conservation of energy

Question 11

Internal energy

Answer 11

Is the sum of all the kinetic and potential energy of the system

E

Question 12

deltaE=

Answer 12

Efinal-Einitial

Question 13

If deltaE is greater than zero

Answer 13

Energy change is endergonic

Question 14

When energy is exchanged with the surroundings it is exchanged as either

Answer 14

Heat or Work

deltaE= q+W

Question 15

Sign conventions for q, w, and delta E

Answer 15

+q means system gains heat

+w means work done on system

+deltaE means net gain of energy by system

Question 16

When heat is absorbed by the system process is

Answer 16

Endothermic

Question 17

The internal energy of a system is independent

Answer 17

Of the path by which the system achieved that state

Question 18

State function

Answer 18

Depends only on the present state and not the path

Question 19

q and w are not

Answer 19

State functions

Question 20

Work volume equation

Answer 20

W=-P x deltaV

Question 21

Enthalpy

Answer 21

Is the internal energy plus the product of pressure and volume

H=E + PV

deltaH= =deltaE + P x deltaV

Question 22

At constant pressure the change in enthalpy is

Answer 22

The heat gained or lost

deltaH = q

Question 23

When deltaH is positive

Answer 23

Endothermic

Question 24

deltaH =

Answer 24

Hproducts-Hreactants

Question 25

dH is called

Answer 25

Enthalpy of reaction or heat of reaction

Question 26

Enthalpy is a ________ property

Answer 26

Extensive

Question 27

Calorimetry

Answer 27

Measurement of heat flow

Question 28

Amount of energy required to raise the temp of a substance by 1 deg K is its

Answer 28

Heat capacity

Question 29

Specific Heat

Answer 29

Amount of energy to raise the temp of 1 gram of a substance by 1 deg K

Question 30

Hess’s Law

Answer 30

States that if a reaction is carried out in a series of steps, dH for the overall reaction will be equal to the sum of the enthalpy changes for the individual steps

Question 31

Enthalpy of formation

Answer 31

Is the enthalpy change for the reaction in which a compound is made from its constituent elements in their elemental form