Chapter 4 Flashcards
Dissociation
When ionic substances dissolved in water, the solvent pills the individual ions from the crystal and solvated them
Electrolyte
A substance that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water
Strong electrolytes
All strong acids
Weak electrolyte
Weak acids and weak bases
7 Strong Acids
HCL HBr HI HClO3- chloric HClO4- perchloric HNO3- nitric H2SO4 - sulfuric
Metathesis
Are exchange reactions
Arrhenius Acid Base definition
Increases concentration of H+ when dissolved in water
Bases increase the concentration of OH- when dissolved in water
Bronsted and Lowry Acid and Base
Proton donors
PROTON acceptors
Strong Bases
Are the soluble metal salts of the hydroxide ion
Molarity
Moles of solute/volume of solution in liters
Dilution Equation
Mc x Vc = Md x Vd
Solutions
Homogeneous mixtures of two or more substances
The solvent is present
In the greatest abundance
A nonelectrolyte May dissolve in water but
It does not dissociate into ions
The molecular equation lists reactants and products
In their molecular form
In the ionic equation
All strong electrolytes are dissociated into their ions
To form the net ionic equation…
Cross out anything that does not change from left side to right side
Things that don’t change in ionic equation are called
Spectator ions
Steps to write net ionic equation
Write balanced equation
Dissociate all strong electron
Cross out anything that remains unchanged
Write the net ionic equation with what remains
When a carbonate or bicarbonate reacts with an acid the products are
A salt, carbon dioxide and water
When a sulfite reacts with an acid
The products are a salt sulfur dioxide and water
To determining if an oxidation reduction reaction has occurred we
Assign an oxidation number to each element in a neutral compound or charged entity
Oxygen has an oxidation number of
-2, except in the peroxide ion where it is-1
Hydrogen oxidation number is
-1 when bonded to a metal and +1 when bonded to a nonmetal
Fluorine always has oxidation number of
-1
In displacement reactions
Ions oxidize an element and the ions get reduced
Titration is
An analytical technique in which one can calculate the concentration of a solute in a solution
