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Social Studies 9 > Chapter 5 - The Triumph of Steam > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - The Triumph of Steam Flashcards

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1
Q

Revolution

A

A complete change in something; the overthrow of a government.

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2
Q

Mother Country

A

The colonizing power - a sexist reference no longer in use.

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3
Q

Technology

A

New inventions; the science of industry.

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4
Q

Test Act

A

Forbidding anyone except members of the Church of England from holding political office or entering the professions.

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5
Q

Commons

A

Land which could be used by everyone.

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6
Q

Breeds

A

A group of animals distinguished by particular characteristics.

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7
Q

Broadcasting

A

To sow seeds by throwing them over a field by hand.

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8
Q

Graze

A

To feed on growing plants, such as grass.

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9
Q

Fodder

A

Animal food.

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10
Q

Tories

A

A member of the Conservative party in Great Britain or Canada.

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11
Q

Whigs

A

Represented middle-class business people.

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12
Q

Entrepreneurs

A

A person who runs a business, taking the risk in order to earn a profit.

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13
Q

Laissez-Faire

A

Business and industry would be as free as possible from government regulation.

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14
Q

Franchise

A

The right to vote.

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15
Q

Synthetic

A

Made by humans.

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16
Q

Spinning

A

Twisted together strands of string to make thread.

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17
Q

Weaving

A

Turning thread into cloth.

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18
Q

Methane

A

A colourless, odourless, flammable gas.

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19
Q

Cast Iron

A

Molten Iron poured into a mould to make a product.

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20
Q

Coke

A

A form of coal heated to burn off sulphur.

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21
Q

Black lung

A

A disease caused by breathing coal dust

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22
Q

Charity

A

Generous actions or donations to aid the poor. A responsibility of local government perishes.

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23
Q

Factory Act 1802

A

Made it illegal to have children work more than 12 hours straight in cotton mills.

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24
Q

Factory Act 1819

A

Made it illegal to hire a child under 9 years of age in the textile industry.

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25
Q

Lists of Peerage

A

List of people in the upper class.

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26
Q

Poor Laws

A

A system of poor relief.

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27
Q

The Stephensons

A

Rocket.

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28
Q

Richard Arkwright

A

Water Frame.

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29
Q

John Kay

A

Flying Shuttle.

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30
Q

James Macadam

A

Better Roads.

31
Q

James Watt

A

Improved Steam Engine.

32
Q

James Hargreaves

A

Spinning Jenny.

33
Q

Jethro Tull

A

Seed Drill/ Fertilizer.

34
Q

Thomas Newcomen

A

Compressed Steam Engine.

35
Q

Abraham Darby

A

Better Cast Iron.

36
Q

Lord Townshend

A

Four field crop rotation.

37
Q

T or F? Social reformers were people who wanted to keep the class system unchanged.

A

False.

38
Q

T or F? Inventions in one industry often led to changes in other industries.

A

True.

39
Q

T or F? A mob of spinners destroyed the first Jenny because it could do the work of several spinners.

A

True.

40
Q

T or F? As a result of going to work at an early age, most industrial children developed into strong and healthy adults.

A

False.

41
Q

T or F? The turnpike system of roads where tolls were charged were built by Government.

A

False.

42
Q

Which came first?

  • Agricultural Revolution begins
  • Industrial Revolution begins
A

Agricultural Revolution begins.

43
Q

Which came first?

  • Strip farming method use
  • Enclosures used
A

Strip farming method use.

44
Q

Which came first?

  • Factory System develops
  • Cottage Industry develops
A

Cottage Industry develops.

45
Q

Which came first?

  • Test Act passed
  • Poor Law reformed
A

Test Act passed.

46
Q

Which came first?

  • Factory Acts passed
  • Mines Acts passed
A

Factory Acts passed.

47
Q

A fee for using a road

A

Toll.

48
Q

2 dangers of working in coal mines

A

Black Lung

Methane Explosion

49
Q

2 dangers of working in coal mines

A

Black Lung

Methane Explosion

50
Q

Agricultural Revolution

A

Changes in farming in 18th century England.

51
Q

Lord Townshend’s nickname

A

Turnip Townshend.

52
Q

Name of England’s bustling cities

A

Midlands.

53
Q

Enclosures

A

Fencing off of public lands.

54
Q

Source of fodder

A

Turnips and Clover.

55
Q

Samuel Compton

A

Mule.

56
Q

Great Britain had a large supply of this

A

Labour/Workers.

57
Q

Test Act- meaning.

A

Forbid certain religions from working in government jobs.

58
Q

Capital

A

Money used to invest in a business.

59
Q

Great Britain had large deposits of this, such as coal.

A

Raw materials.

60
Q

This group of society has a lot of influence in the government

A

Middle Class.

61
Q

Great Britain used the resources from these places in order to make products and profits.

A

Colonies.

62
Q

Strip Farming

A

A method of farming used in medieval times, was insufficient.

63
Q

This industry was a major factor in Great Britain’s decline to acquire new colonies.

A

Textile.

64
Q

Ordinary people still did not have the right to

A

Franchise (vote).

65
Q

Turnpike System

A

A way of getting roads built by private companies at no cost to government.

66
Q

These became illegal in 1824 to protect workers rights.

A

Labour Unions.

67
Q

2 areas where women could work.

A 
Possible answers: 
Factories 
Servants
Miners 
Gangs of labours
68
Q

What happened in 1845, killed millions.

A

Irish Potato Famine.

69
Q

Clearances

A

Many Scots were displaced by this; part of enclosure policy.

70
Q

Where did many workers go?

A

Colonies.

71
Q

Who actually provided charity for the poor?

A

Local government and churches.

72
Q

Why were different breeds of animals important?

A

Produced more meat and sheep with thicker wool, did not catch diseases as easy, higher profits.

73
Q

5 reasons why the IR emerged first in GB?

A
  • large labour supply
  • middle class controlled gov
  • the test act forbid people to work in gov jobs
  • GB gov encouraged science and inventions
  • GB had a lot of raw materials
74
Q

Did the IR make it better or worse for the British people?

A

Better in many ways,

  • new inventions helped progress their way of living, life easier. - Agriculture changing for the better. - Transportation and mechanization advancing @rapid speeds.
  • Only downfall labour conditions.

Social Studies 9 (6 decks)

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