Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 137 > Chapter 5: The Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 5: The Integumentary System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Epidermis

A

Superficial region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dermis

A

Middle region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hypodermis

A

Deepest region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The epidermis is made up of

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Keratinocytes produce

A

Fibrous protein keratin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Melanocytes produce

A

Pigmented melanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Epidermal dendritic (Langerhans) cells are

A

Macrophages that help activate immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tactile (Merkel) cells are

A

Touch receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Most superficial layer; 20-30 layers of dead cells represented only by flat membranous sacs filled with keratin. Glycolipids in extra cellular space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

Three to five layers of flattened cells, organelles deteriorating; cytoplasm full of lamellated granules and keratohyaline granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

Several layers of keratinocytes unified by desmosomes. Cells contain thick bundles of intermediate filaments made of pre-keratin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stratum basale

A

Deepest epidermal layer; one row of actively mitotic stem cells; some Newley formed cells become part of the more superficial layers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Journey from basal layer to surface takes

A

25-45 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

Cells contain weblike system of intermediate prekeratin filaments attached to desmosomes. Interlock to support skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What layer of the epidermis initiates keratinization

A

Stratum granulosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Is three-quarters of the epidermal thickness and protects from abrasion and penetration, waterproofs, and is a barrier against biological, chemical and physical assaults

A

Stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Is strong, flexible connective tissue. Cells include fibroblasts, macrophages, and occasionally mast cells and white blood cells

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The papillary layer of the dermis is made of

A

Loose connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The reticular layer of the dermis is made of

A

Dense connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What layer of the dermis has areolar connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers and blood vessels

A

Papillary layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Dermal papillae contain

A

Capillary loops
Meissners corpuscles
Free nerve endings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Capillary loops do what

A

Nourish the epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Meissner’s corpuscles are

A

Sensory touch receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Free nerve endings send

A

Signals to the brain for touch, pain, pressure, and temperature

25
Q

What layer of the dermis is approximately 80% of the thickness, has collagen fibers to provide strength and resiliency and elastic fibers to provide stretch-recoil properties

A

Reticular layer

26
Q

Epidermal ridges lie atop deeper dermal papillary ridges to form

A

Friction ridges of fingerprints

27
Q

Collagen fibers arranged in bundles form

A

Cleavage (tension) lines

28
Q

What are the three pigments that contribute to skin color

A
  1. Melanin
  2. Carotene
  3. Hemoglobin
29
Q

What is sensitive to UV light and has a yellow to reddish-brown to black color and is responsible for dark skin colors

A

Melanin

30
Q

Is yellow to orange and is most obvious in the palms and soles

A

Carotene

31
Q

Is responsible for the pinkish hue of skin

A

Hemoglobin

32
Q

What are the two main types of sweat (suboriferous) glands

A

Eccrine (merocrine) sweat gland and apocrine sweat glands

33
Q

What type of sweat gland is abundant on the palms, soles and forehead; sweat 99% water; and function is thermoregulation

A

Eccrine ( merocrine) sweat glands

34
Q

What sweat gland is confined to axillary and anogenital areas;

A

Apocrine glands

35
Q

What is sebum

A

Sweat + fatty substances and proteins

36
Q

What glands are in the external ear canal and secrete cerumen

A

Ceruminous glands

37
Q

What glands secrete milk instead of sweat

A

Mammary glands

38
Q

What glands are widely distributed, most develop from hair follicles, become active at puberty

A

Sebaceous (oil) glands

39
Q

What alerts the body to presence of insects on the skin and guards the scalp against physical trauma, heat loss, and sunlight

A

Hair

40
Q

What are the 3 parts to a hair

A

Medulla, cortex, cuticle

41
Q

Is in the center of the hair and contains soft keratin and air

A

Medulla

42
Q

Is the innermost thickest layer of hair and has the pigment that gives it color

A

Cortex

43
Q

Is the outermost layer of a hair, has cells that overlap like scales.

A

Cuticle

44
Q

What part of a hair extends from the epidermal surface into the dermis

A

Hair follicle

45
Q

What part of a hair is the expanded deep end and provides nutrients

A

Hair bulb

46
Q

What part of a hair follicle is stimulated when the hair is bent

A

Hair follicle receptor (root hair plexus)

47
Q

The part of the hair follicle responsible for goosebumps and has smooth muscle attached to the follicle

A

Arrector pili

48
Q

Is hair thinning in both sexes after the age of 40

A

Alopecia

49
Q

Is a genetically determined and sex influenced condition and is caused by follicular response to DHT

A

True (frank) baldness

50
Q

What are the three major types of skin cancer

A
  1. Basal cell carcinoma
  2. Squamous cell carcinoma
  3. Melanoma
51
Q

Cancer caused when stratum basale cells proliferate and slowly invade dermis and hypodermis

A

Basal cell carcinoma

52
Q

Cancer that involves keratinocytes of stratum spinosum and most common on scalp, ears, lower lip, and hands

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

53
Q

Cancer than involves melanocytes and is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy

A

Melanoma

54
Q

A burn with epidermal damage only and has localized redness, edema, and pain

A

First degree

55
Q

A burn that causes epidermal and upper dermal damage. Blisters appear

A

Second degree burn

56
Q

Burn where entire thickness of skin is damaged

A

Third degree

57
Q

Covering of delicate hairs in 5th and 6th month of pregnancy

A

Lanugo coat

58
Q

Sebaceous gland secretion that protects skin of fetus

A

Vernix caseosa

59
Q

Skin consist of three major regions

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermics

Bio 137 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions