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medical terminology > Chapter 5: the eye > Flashcards

Chapter 5: the eye Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Aque/o

A

H20

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2
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva (to bind together

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3
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

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4
Q

kerat/o

A

cornea

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5
Q

ir/o

A

colored circle, iris

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6
Q

irid/o

A

colored circle, iris

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7
Q

lacrim/o

A

tear

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8
Q

dacry/o

A

tear

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9
Q

ocul/o

A

eye

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10
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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11
Q

opt/o

A

eye

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12
Q

phac/o

A

lens (lentil)

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13
Q

phak/o

A

lens (lentil)

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14
Q

phot/o

A

light

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15
Q

presby/o

A

old age

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16
Q

retin/o

A

retina

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17
Q

scler/o

A

hard or sclera

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18
Q

vitre/o

A

glassy

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19
Q

-opia

A

suffix

condition of vision

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20
Q

aque/o

A

water

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21
Q

anterior chamber

A

Fluid-filled space between the cornea and iris

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22
Q

aqueous humor

A

Watery liquid secreted by the ciliary processes that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens (humor=fluid)

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23
Q

conjuctiva

A

Mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball

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24
Q

cornea

A

Transparent, anterior part of the eyeball covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber that functions to refract (bend)light to focus a visual image

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25
Q

iris

A

Colored circle; colored part of the eye located behind the cornea that contracts and dilates to regulate light passing through the pupil

26
Q

lacrimal gland

A

Gland located in the upper outer region above the eyeball that secretes tears

27
Q

lens

A

Transparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays on the retina

28
Q

optic nerve

A

Nerve responsible for carrying impulse for the sense of sight from the retina to the brain

29
Q

posterior chamber

A

Space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous chamber; filled with aqueous humor

30
Q

pupil

A

Black, circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye

31
Q

retina

A

Innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve

32
Q

vitreous

A

Jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye

33
Q

diplopia

A

Double vision

34
Q

exophthalmos

A

Abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs; also spelled exophthalmos

35
Q

lacrimation

A

Secretion of tears

36
Q

photophobia

A

Extreme sensitivity to, and discomfort from light

37
Q

astigmatism

A

Distorted vision caused by an oblong or cylindrical curvature of the lens or cornea that prevents light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina (stigma=point)

38
Q

hyperopia

A

Farsightedness; difficulty seeing close objects when light rays are focused on a point behind the retina

39
Q

myopia

A

Nearsightedness; difficulty seeing distant objects when light rays are focused on a point in front of the retina

40
Q

presbyopia

A

Impaired vision caused by old age or loss of accommodation

41
Q

cataract

A

Opaque clouding of the lens causing decreased vision

42
Q

conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva; also called pinkeye

43
Q

glaucoma

A

Group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure that results in damage to the optic nerve, producing defects in vision

44
Q

iritis

A

Inflammation of the iris

45
Q

keratitis

A

Inflammation of the cornea

46
Q

retinal detachment

A

Separation of the retina from the underlying epithelium, disrupting vision and resulting in blindness if not repaired surgically

47
Q

retinitis

A

inflammation of the retina

48
Q

strabismus

A

Separation of the retina from the underlying epithelium, disrupting vision and resulting in blindness if not repaired surgically

49
Q

scleritis

A

Inflammation of the sclera

50
Q

distance of visual acuity

A

Measure of the ability to see the details and shape of identifiable objects from a specified distance, usually from 20 ft using a Snellen eye chart; normal distance visual acuity is 20/20

51
Q

ophthalmoscopy

A

Use of an ophthalmoscope to view the interior of the eye

52
Q

tonometry

A

Uses of a tonometer to measure intraocular pressure, which is elevated in glaucoma

53
Q

cataract extraction

A

Excision of a cloudy lens from the eye

54
Q

keratoplasty

A

Corneal transplantation; replacement of a diseased or scarred cornea with a healthy one from a matched donor

55
Q

IOL implant

A

Implantation of an artificial lens to replace a defective natural lens (eg after cataract extraction)

56
Q

sclera

A

Tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve

57
Q

eye instillation

A

Introduction of a medicated solution in the eye, usually administered by a drop (gt) or drops (gtt) in the affected eye or eyes

58
Q

eye irrigation

A

Washing of the eye with water or other fluid (saline)

59
Q

antibiotic ophthalmic solution

A

Antimicrobial agent in solution; used to treat bacterial infections (conjunctivitis) and corneal ulcers

60
Q

mydriatic

A

agent that causes dilation of the pupil; used for certain eye examinations

61
Q

miotic

A

Agent that causes the pupil to contract (mio=less)

medical terminology (5 decks)

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