Chapter 4: Nervous system and psychiatry

Question 1

cerebr/o

Answer 1

common form

cerebrum, largest part of the brain

Question 2

crani/o

Answer 2

common form

skull

Question 3

encehpal/o

Answer 3

common form

entire brain

Question 4

estesi/o

Answer 4

common form

Sensation

Question 5

gli/o

Answer 5

common form

glue

Question 6

gnos/o

Answer 6

common form

Knowing

Question 7

kinesi/o

Answer 7

common form

movement

Question 8

mening/o

Answer 8

common form

meninges, membranes

Question 9

meningi/o

Answer 9

common form

meninges, membranes

Question 10

myel/o

Answer 10

common form

spinal cord or bone marrow

Question 11

narc/o

Answer 11

common form

stupor or sleep

Question 12

neur/o

Answer 12

common form

nerve

Question 13

phas/o

Answer 13

common form

speech

Question 14

phob/o

Answer 14

common form

exaggerated fear or sensitivity

Question 15

phren/o

Answer 15

common form

Mind

Question 16

Psych/o

Answer 16

common form

mind

Question 17

schiz/o

Answer 17

common form

split

Question 18

somat/o

Answer 18

common form

sleep

Question 19

somn/o

Answer 19

common form

sleep

Question 20

somn/i

Answer 20

common form

sleep

Question 21

spin/o

Answer 21

common form

spine (thorn)

Question 22

spondyl/o

Answer 22

common form

vertebra

Question 23

vertebr/o

Answer 23

common form

vertebra

Question 24

stere/o

Answer 24

common form

3D or solid

Question 25

ton/o

Answer 25

common form

tone or tension

Question 26

tax/o

Answer 26

common form

order or coordination

Question 27

top/o

Answer 27

common form

place

Question 28

ventricul/o

Answer 28

common form

ventricle (belly or pouch)

Question 29

-asthenia

Answer 29

suffix

weakness

Question 30

craniectomy

Answer 30

excision of part of the skull to approach the brain

Question 31

craniotomy

Answer 31

incision into the skull to approach the brain

Question 32

neuroplasty

Answer 32

surgical repair of a nerve

Question 33

chemotherapy

Answer 33

treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents to destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce

Question 34

Radiation therapy

Answer 34

Treatment of neoplastic disease using ionizing radiation to impede the proliferation of malignant cells

Question 35

analgesic

Answer 35

Drug that relieves pain

Question 36

anticonvulsant

Answer 36

Drug that prevents or lessens convulsions

Question 37

antidepressant

Answer 37

Drug that counteracts depression

Question 38

sedative

Answer 38

Drug that has a calming effect and quiets nervousness

Question 39

hypnotic

Answer 39

Drug that induces sleep

Question 40

-lepsy

Answer 40

Suffix

Seizure

Question 41

-mania

Answer 41

suffix

Condition of abnormal impulse toward

Question 42

-paresis

Answer 42

suffix

Slight paralysis

Question 43

-plegia

Answer 43

suffix

paralysis

Question 44

central nervous system

Answer 44

Brain and spinal cord

Question 45

brain

Answer 45

Portion of the central nervous system contained within the cranium

Question 46

Cerebrum

Answer 46

Largest portion of the brain; divided into right and left halves, known as cerebral hemispheres, which are connected by a bridge of nerve fibers called the corpus callosum; lobes of the cerebrum are named after the skull bones they underlie

Question 47

cerebellum

Answer 47

Portion of the brain located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum; responsible for control and coordination of skeletal muscles

Question 48

spinal cord

Answer 48

Column of nervous tissue from the brainstem through the vertebrae; responsible for nerve conduction to and from the brain and body

Question 49

meninges

Answer 49

Three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, consisting of the dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid mater

Question 50

cranial nerves

Answer 50

12 pairs of nerves arising from the brain

Question 51

spinal nerves

Answer 51

31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord

Question 52

aphasia

Answer 52

Impairment because of localized brain injury that affects the understating, retrieving, and formulating of meaningful and sequential elements of language, as demonstrated by an inability to use or comprehend words; occurs because of a stroke, head trauma, or disease

Question 53

dysphasia

Answer 53

Impairment in speech production and inability to arrange words in an understandable way

Question 54

neuralgia

Answer 54

Pain along the course of a nerve

Question 55

paralysis

Answer 55

Temporary or permanent loss of motor control

Question 56

hemiparesis

Answer 56

Partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body

Question 57

syncope

Answer 57

Fainting

Question 58

cerebral aneurysm

Answer 58

Dilation of a blood vessel in the brain (aneurysm=dilation or widening

Question 59

cerebral thrombosis

Answer 59

Presence of a stationary clot in a blood vessel of the brain

Question 60

cerebrovascular accident

Answer 60

Damage to the brain caused by cerebrovascular disease, such as occlusion of a blood vessel by a thrombus or embolus (ischemic stroke) or intracranial hemorrhage after rupture of an aneurysm (hemorrhagic stroke); also called stroke

Question 61

stroke

Answer 61

Damage to the brain caused by cerebrovascular disease, such as occlusion of a blood vessel by a thrombus or embolus (ischemic stroke) or intracranial hemorrhage after rupture of an aneurysm (hemorrhagic stroke); also called stroke

Question 62

encephalitis

Answer 62

Inflammation of the brain

Question 63

epilepsy

Answer 63

Disorder affecting the central nervous system; characterized by recurrent seizures

Question 64

hydrocephalus

Answer 64

Abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain because developmental problems, infection, injury, or tumor

Question 65

meningioma

Answer 65

Benign tumor of the coverings of the brain (meninges)

Question 66

meningitis

Answer 66

inflammation of the meninges

Question 67

myelitis

Answer 67

inflammation of the spinal cord

Question 68

narcolepsy

Answer 68

Sleep disorder characterized by a sudden, uncontrollable need to sleep, attacks of paralysis (cataplexy), and dreams intruding while awake (hypnagogic hallucinations)

Question 69

hemiplegia

Answer 69

Paralysis of one side of the body

Question 70

paraplegia

Answer 70

Paralysis from the waist down

Question 71

quadriplegia

Answer 71

Paralysis of all four limbs

Question 72

sleep apnea

Answer 72

Periods of breathing cessation(10 seconds or more) that occur during sleep, often caused by snoring

Question 73

Electroencephalogram

Answer 73

Record of the minute electrical impulses of the brain measured as alpha, beta, delta, and theta waves, used to identify neurological conditions that affect brain function and levels of consciousness

Question 74

EEG

Answer 74

Record of the minute electrical impulses of the brain measured as alpha, beta, delta, and theta waves, used to identify neurological conditions that affect brain function and levels of consciousness

Question 75

lumbar puncture

Answer 75

Introduction of a specialized needle into the spine in the lumbar region for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, such as to obtain CSF for testing; also called spinal tap

Question 76

magnetic resonance Imaging MRI

Answer 76

Nonionizing imaging technique using magnetic fields and radiofrequency waves to visualize anatomic structures (especially soft tissue) such as the tissues of the brain and spinal cord

Question 77

cerebral embolism

Answer 77

Obstruction of a blood vessel in the brain by an embolus (blood clot, air bubble, or fat deposit in a blood vessel) transported through the circulation

Question 78

cerebral angiogram

Answer 78

x-ray of blood vessels in the brain after intracarotid injection of contrast medium

Question 79

anorexia nervosa

Answer 79

a severe disturbance in eating behavior caused by abnormal perceptions about one’s body weight, as evidenced by an overwhelming fear of becoming fat that results in a refusal to eat and body weight well below normal.