Chapter 5: The Excretory System

Question 1

Deamination definition

Answer 1

The process that separates nitrogen containing amine group from the rest of the amino acid

Question 2

The role of the human kidney

Answer 2

Part of the amino acid is broken down and used for energy, the other is converted into ammonia which is toxic for cells
They remove nitrogenous wastes such as urea from blood, salts and excess water are also removed from the blood and excreted as urine

Question 3

Nephrons

Answer 3

Removes excess water, waste and other substances from your blood
Return substances such as potassium, sodium or phosphorus when the body is running low

Question 4

Glomerulus

Answer 4

A tiny blood vessel of capillary where the actual filtering of blood occurs

Question 5

The proximal tubule

Answer 5

A tiny tube where wastes, extra fluid and other recyclable substances like sodium and potassium filtered by the glomerulus pass through

Question 6

Why do kidneys measure out chemicals?

Answer 6

To regulate the amount of them in your body allowing you to function properly

Question 7

Loop of Henle

Answer 7

U-shaped portion of the tubule that conducts the urine within each nephron of the kidney

Question 8

What is the principle function of the loop of henle?

Answer 8

The recovery of sodium chloride and water from urine which decreases the amount of water intake necessary for survival

Question 9

Dialysis

Answer 9

A way of artificially cleaning the blood

Question 10

Haemodialysis

Answer 10

When your blood is circulated through a dialysis machine to clean your blood

Question 11

Peritoneal

Answer 11

Uses the peritoneal membrane in your abdomen to filter blood allowing cleaning to occur inside the body