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Biology > Chapter 2: What are Cells? > Flashcards

Chapter 2: What are Cells? Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the acronym for the qualities a living thing must possess?

A

MRS GREEN

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2
Q

What does MRS GREEN stand for?

A

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Equilibrium
Excretion
Nutrition

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3
Q

What are the two types of cells?

A

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic

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4
Q

Prokaryotic cells characteristics

A

Divides via binary fission
No membrane bound organelles

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5
Q

Eukaryotic cells characteristics

A

Divides by mitosis and meiosis
Membrane bound organelles

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6
Q

Similarities of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

A

DNA
Chromosomes
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane

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7
Q

Organelles definition

A

The different structures the cell is made up of and each have different purposes

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8
Q

Cytosol vs Cytoplasm

A

The cytosol is the jelly-like fluid within the cell whereas the cytoplasm is the presence of the organelles on the cytosol.

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9
Q

Nucleus

A

Found in eukaryotic cells and is the site of most of the genetic material for the cell

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10
Q

Ribosomes

A

Found in all cells and are the site of protein production. Protein is essential for cell growth and repair

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11
Q

Mitochondria

A

Site of respiration and ATP production, chemical energy for the cell

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12
Q

Cellular Respiration Equation

A

Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

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13
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Acts as the cell brain as it is a manufacturing and packaging system

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14
Q

Rough ER

A

Has ribosomes attached for movement of proteins

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15
Q

Smooth ER

A

Depending on the cell, it may synthesise lipids, transport proteins and assist in the manufacture of the plasma membrane

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16
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Responsible for transporting, modifying and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery

17
Q

Lysosomes

A

Break down complex molecules into simpler forms and can digest external nutrients and substances

18
Q

Cell Wall

A

Found in plant cells, maintains structure and provides further support

19
Q

Plastid types

A

Chloroplasts
Chromoplasts
Leucoplasts

20
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Site of photosynthesis, add pigment to the plant

21
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide + Water = Glucose + Oxygen

22
Q

Vacuoles

A

Storage bubbles found in both animal and plant cells holding water and minerals and potentially, waste

23
Q

What happens to the SA:V when a cell gets larger?

A

It decreases which increases the cell’s efficiency to remove wastes and absorb nutrients

Biology (6 decks)

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