Chapter 5: The Actions of Drugs Flashcards
Specifies the complete chemical description of a drug
Chemical Name
Specifies a particular chemical but not a particular brand
Generic Name
Specifies a particular formulation and manufacturer of a drug
Brand Name
Category of drug that produces wakefulness, a sense of energy
Stimulants
Category of drug that slows nervous system activity
Depressants
Category of drug that reduces pain
Opioids
Category of drug that produces altered perceptions
Hallucinogens
Category of drug that controls mental disorders
Psychotherapeutics
Symptoms resulting from weaning of substance dependence
Withdrawal Syndrome
An inactive chemical or substance
Placebo
An experiment in which neither the researcher not the participant knows whether the drug or a placebo is being used
Double-Blind Procedure
A type of effect that is derived from the user’s unique background, expectations, perceptions, and environment (settings)
Nonspecific Effects
A type of effect that depends on the presence of a chemical at certain concentrations
Specific Effects
An effect that is produced by an inactive chemical that the user believes to be a drug
Placebo Effects
A graph comparing the size of response to the amount of drug
Dose-response Curve
Uncoordinated walking
Ataxia
Unconscious and unable to be aroused
Comatose
In animal drug trials, the effective dose for half of the animals tested
ED50
In animal drug trails, the lethal dose for half of the animals tested
LD50
The ratio of LD50 to ED50
Therapeutic Index (TI)
The dosage difference between an acceptable level of effectiveness and the lowest toxic dose
Safety Margin
Capacity of a drug to do damage or cause adverse side effects
Toxicity
The passage of a drug from the site of administration to the circulatory system
Drug Absorption
The movement of drugs to and from the blood and various tissues of the body
Drug Distribution
