Chapter 5 Syntax

Question 1

What are the 3 units of analysis

Answer 1

Word (N)
Phrase (NP)
Sentence (NP+VP)

Question 2

What are the 2 ways to split a sentence?

Answer 2

Subject and Predicate

Question 3

Content words

Answer 3

Provide the underlying message of the sentence

Question 4

Function words

Answer 4

Help to properly INTERPRET the content

Question 5

What does Content contain?

Answer 5

Noun, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, prepositions

Question 6

What does Function contain?

Answer 6

Determiners
Degree words
Preverbal Adverbs
Auxiliary Verbs
Conjunctions

Question 7

Noun

Answer 7

entity

Question 8

Verb

Answer 8

action, state of being psychological process, etc..

Question 9

Adjective

Answer 9

property/ quality of a noun, found:
before noun
after linking verb (which links back to subject NP)

Question 10

Preposition

Answer 10

marking SPATIAL RELATIONS between entities
- evolved over time to denote other relationships (such as time, topic, manner,)

Question 11

Auxillary Verbs

Answer 11

Supports the head verb of the predicate

Question 12

True Auxiliaries:

Answer 12

to be, to have
always work in conjuction wityh inflectional suffixes (present participle-ing, or past participle)

Question 13

Modal Auxiliaries

Answer 13

set up the interpretation of the predicate to be HYPOTHETICAL (not real)

She can count to 10 in mauri
she must count to 10 in mauri

Question 14

Determiners

Answer 14

Introduce NOUNS- narrow understaing

THE house… MY roo…. SOME puppies… etc

Question 15

Preverbal Adverbs

Answer 15

introduce VERBS- limiting the ‘application’ of the verb (frequency/scope)

Question 16

Degree Words

Answer 16

introduce ADJECTIVES, ADVERBS, PREPOSITIONS, indicating ‘degree’ to which quality exists

Question 17

Conjuctions

Answer 17

conjoin ‘like’ consituents
Nouns: Boys AND girls
2 Preps: It can go up OR down
2 APS: she was very cold AND utterly dismayed
2 sentences: i try hard BUT i dont always succeed

Question 18

Auxiliary Verbs

Answer 18

support the HEAD V of the predicate
TO BE, + v-ing
TO HAVE + v-ented
TO DO + V

Question 19

What are the 3 coordinating conjuctions?

Answer 19

and, or, but

Question 20

What are True Auxiliaries

Answer 20

to BE, to HAVE, to DO

Question 21

What are your Modal Auxiliaries

Answer 21

can, could,will,would,shall,should
may, must, might

Question 22

Subject

Answer 22

Who/ What is this sentence about

Question 23

Predicate

Answer 23

What is he/ she/ it doing

Question 24

Sentence =

Answer 24

NP+ VP

Question 25

Noun Phrase derives from

Answer 25

who/what = THING/ENTITY

Question 26

Verb Phrase

Answer 26

doing/happening= EVENT

Question 27

What are the 5 VERB TYPES based on COMPLEMENT STRUCTURE

Answer 27

Transitive
Instrasitive
Ditransitive
Transitive Locative
Linking

Question 28

What Pairing goes with a noun for function words

Answer 28

(Det)erminers

Question 29

What pairing goes with Verbs

Answer 29

(PreV)ERBAL Adverbs

Question 30

What pairings go with Adjectives/ Preposition

Answer 30

(Deg)ree Words