Chapter 5: Socialization

Question 1

What are the 5 agents of socialization?

Answer 1

Family, School, Peers, Media, Religion

Question 2

What socialization do we learn from family?

Answer 2

language & communication skills, normal rules of behaviour & basic self-care techniques. It also helps us learn about our personal qualities.

Question 3

What socialization do we learn from school?

Answer 3

teaches academic skills & co-operation with others, some of whom we may not like. Also teaches discipline & gender roles.

Question 4

Define peers.

Answer 4

A social group, whose members are about the same age, and have similar interests and/or similar social positions.

Question 5

What socializations do we learn from peers?

Answer 5

Peers encourage more free speech, pressures to fit in/be rebellious. One learns of their sexual attitudes & gender roles.

Question 6

What socializations do we learn from media?

Answer 6

expectations for life, values & we develop a stance on self-image from the often unrealistic portrayal of life/beauty.

Question 7

What socializations do we learn from religion?

Answer 7

state gender roles & appropriate sexual conduct which reinforces family socialization & teaches responsibility

Question 8

What are the components of socialization?

Answer 8

Primary, secondary, anticipatory, resocialization

Question 9

What is primary socialization?

Answer 9

the process of learning how to function in society at its most basic level (manners, hygiene)

Question 10

What is secondary socialization?

Answer 10

the process of learning how to function in group situations

Question 11

What is anticipatory socialization?

Answer 11

the process of learning how to think ahead & to plan appropriate behaviour in new situations

Question 12

What is resocialization?

Answer 12

the deliberate attempt by society to replace aspects of an individual’s socialization with new learnings

Question 13

What is discipline? What does it involve?

Answer 13

• teaching, guiding & training that produces moral or mental improvement & controlled behaviour.
• involves talking, using reason, persuasion, verbal reprimands, rewards, limit setting, restitution, consequences & imposing specific duties.

Question 14

Describe the differences between discipline and punishment.

Answer 14

• Discipline: teaching, guiding & training that produces moral or mental improvement & controlled behaviour.
• Often abusers justify abuse with the intent of correction rather than physical & emotional harm.
• Physical punishment has been accepted as an effective reprimand for a long time.
• Spanking has mixed opinions of effectiveness. Some argue it teaches a child to hit others, lowers self-esteem, & indicates that a parent has lost control of the situation.

Question 15

What are the types of child abuse?

Answer 15

physical, emotional/verbal, mental, sexual, psychological, financial, neglect

Question 16

What are some factors associated with child abuse?

Answer 16

o	Large family size
o	Low income
o	Low education levels
o	Unemployment
o	Family stress
o	Societal attitudes

Question 17

What is nature? What is nurture?

Answer 17

• Nature: innate, genetic traits, inherited

* Nurture: life experiences, socializing agents, stimulation, environment

Question 18

What are 3 elements of a nurturing relationship? Explain them.

Answer 18

o Comfort: providing support when children are frustrated, anxious or overwhelmed
o Play: exercise helps a growing body & mind while providing a way to express emotion
o Teach: provides the “know-how” to allow a child understand things & accomplish tasks