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Kinesiology > Chapter 5 - Shoulder Joint > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Shoulder Joint Flashcards

1
Q

What is the attachment to the axial skeleton?

A
  • Sternoclavicular joint
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2
Q

What are some common negative outcomes of increased range of motion?

A
  • Impingement
  • Subluxations and Dislocations
  • Labral Tear
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3
Q

Why is the glenohumeral joint frequently injured?

A
  • Shallow glenoid fossa, lax ligaments, strength and endurance
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4
Q

Rotator Cuff

  • Muscles?
  • Purpose?
A 
Muscles:
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres Minor
- Subscapularis
Purpose:
- Hold the humeral head against the glenoid fossa
- Produce internal and external rotation
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5
Q

What is GIRD?

A
  • Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit
  • GIRD > 20%: increased injury risk
  • Stretch? Sleeper Stretch
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6
Q

Pairing of shoulder girdle and shoulder joint movements

Shoulder Joint –> Shoulder Girdle

A
  • Abduction –> Upward Rotation
  • Adduction –> Downward Rotation
  • Flexion –> Elevation/upward rotation
  • Extension –> Depression/downward rotation
  • Internal Rotation –> Abduction (Protraction)
  • External Rotation –> Adduction (Retraction)
  • Horizontal Abduction –> Adduction (Retraction)
  • Horizontal Adduction –> Abduction (Protraction)
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7
Q

What movements are available in the shoulder joint?

A
  • Abduction: lateral movement away from the midline
  • Adduction: lateral movement toward the midline
  • Flexion: anteriorly
  • Extension: posteriorly
  • Horizontal adduction (transverse flexion): across chest
  • Horizontal abduction (transverse extension): away from chest
  • External rotation: away from midline
  • Internal rotation: toward the midline
  • Diagonal abduction: away from the midline
  • Diagonal adduction: toward the midline
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8
Q

What are the intrinsic glenohumeral muscles?

A
  • Originate on scapula and clavicle
  • Deltoid
  • Coracobrachialis
  • Teres Major
  • Rotator Cuff (SITS)
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9
Q

What are the extrinsic glenohumeral muscles?

A
  • Lats

- Pec Major

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10
Q

Deltoid Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin:
- Anterior lateral third of clavicle, lateral of acromion, inferior edge of spine of scapula
Insertion:
- Deltoid tuberosity on lateral humerus
Movements:
- Anterior fibers: abduction, flexion, horizontal adduction, & internal rotation
- Middle fibers: abduction
- Posterior fibers: abduction, extension, horizontal abduction, & external rotation

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11
Q

Pectoralis Major Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin:
- Medial half of anterior surface of clavicle, anterior surface of costal cartilages of first six ribs, adjoining portion of sternum
Insertion:
- Flat tendon 2 or 3 inches wide to outer lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
Movements:
- Upper fibers (clavicular head): internal rotation, horizontal adduction, flexion, abduction (once arm is abducted 90 degrees, upper fibers assist in further abduction), & adduction (with arm below 90 degrees of abduction)
- Lower fibers (sternal head): internal rotation, horizontal adduction, extension, & adduction

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12
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A 
Origin:
- Posterior crest of ilium, back of sacrum and spinous processes of lumbar and lower six thoracic vertebrae, slips from lower three ribs (T6-L5)
Insertion:
- Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
Movements:
- Adduction
- Extension
- Internal Rotation
- Horizontal Abduction
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13
Q

Teres Major Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin:
- Inferior third of lateral border of scapula
Insertion:
- Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
Movements:
- Extension, particularly from the flexed position to the posteriorly extended position
- Internal rotation
- Adduction, particularly from the abducted position down to the side & toward midline of body

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14
Q

Corachobrachialis Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A 
Origin:
- Coracoid process of scapula
Insertion:
- Middle of medial border of humeral shaft
Movements:
- Flexion
- Adduction
- Horizontal adduction
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15
Q

Supraspinatus Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin:
- Medial 2/3 of supraspinatus fossa
Insertion:
- Superiorly on greater tubercle of humerus
Movements:
- Abduction
- Stabilization of the humeral head in glenoid fossa

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16
Q

Infraspinatus Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A 
Origin:
- Posterior surface of scapula below spine
Insertion:
- Greater tubercle on posterior side
Movements:
- External Rotation
- Horizontal Abduction
- Extension
- Stabilization of humeral head in glenoid fossa
17
Q

Teres Minor Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A 
Origin:
- Posterior scapula, lateral border
Insertion:
- Greater tubercle of humerus on posterior side
Movements: 
- External Rotation
- Horizontal Abduction
- Extension
- Stabilization of humeral head in glenoid fossa
18
Q

Subscapularis Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A 
Origin:
- Entire anterior surface of subscapular fossa
Insertion:
- Lesser tubercle of humerus
Movements:
- Internal Rotation
- Adduction 
- Extension
- Stabilization of the humeral head in glenoid fossa
19
Q

Glenohumeral Flexion

- Agonists?

A
  • Pec major (upper fibers)

- Deltoid (Anterior fibers)

20
Q

Glenohumeral Extension

- Agonists?

A
  • Pec major (lower fibers)
  • Subscapularis
  • Lats
  • Teres Major
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres Minor
21
Q

Glenohumeral Abduction

- Agonists?

A
  • Pec Major (Upper Fibers)
  • Deltoid (Anterior Fibers)
  • Deltoid (Middle Fibers)
  • Deltoid (Posterior Fibers)
  • Supraspinatus
22
Q

Glenohumeral Adduction

- Agonists?

A
  • Pec Major (Lower Fibers)
  • Subscapularis
  • Lats
  • Teres Major
23
Q

Glenohumeral Internal Rotation

- Agonists?

A
  • Pec Major (Upper Fibers)
  • Pec Major (Lower Fibers)
  • Subscapularis
  • Deltoid (Anterior Fibers)
  • Lats
  • Teres Major
24
Q

Glenohumeral External Rotation

- Agonists?

A
  • Deltoid (Posterior Fibers)
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres Minor
25
Q

Glenohumeral Horizontal Abduction

- Agonists?

A
  • Deltoid (Middle Fibers)
  • Deltoid (Posterior Fibers)
  • Lats
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres Minor
26
Q

Glenohumeral Horizontal Adduction

- Agonists?

A
  • Pec Major (Upper Fibers)
  • Pec Major (Lower Fibers)
  • Coracobrachialis
  • Deltoid (Anterior Fibers)
27
Q

Glenohumeral Diagonal Abduction

- Agonists?

A
  • Deltoid (Posterior Fibers)
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres Minor
28
Q

Glenohumeral Diagonal Adduction

- Agonists?

A
  • Pec Major (Upper Fibers)
  • Pec Major (Lower Fibers)
  • Coracobrachialis
  • Deltoid (Anterior Fibers)

Kinesiology (4 decks)

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