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Kinesiology > Chapter 4 - Shoulder Girdle > Flashcards

Chapter 4 - Shoulder Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin: Base of skull
Insertion: Posterior Aspect of Lateral 1/3 of Clavicle
Movements:
- Upper Fibers: elevation of scapula, extension & rotation of head
- Middle Fibers: elevation, upward rotation & adduction
- Lower Fibers: depression, adduction & upward rotation

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2
Q

Levator Scapulae Muscles

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin: Transverse process of upper 4 cervical vertebrae (C1-C4)
Insertion: Medial border of scapula above spine
Movements: Elevates the medial margin of the scapula

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3
Q

Rhomboid Muscles - Major and Minor

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin: Spinous processes of last cervical (C-7) and first 5 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T5)
Insertion: Medial border of scapula below spine
Movements: Rhomboid major & minor muscles work together
- Adduction (retraction): draw scapula toward spinal column
- Downward rotation: from upward rotated position they draw scapula in downward rotation
- Elevation: slight upward movement accompanying adduction

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4
Q

Serratus Anterior Muscles

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin: Surfaces of upper 9 ribs at side of chest
Insertion: Anterior aspect of whole length of medial border of scapula
Movements:
- Abduction (protraction): draws medial border of scapula away from vertebrae
- Upward rotation: longer, lower fibers tend to draw inferior angle of scapula farther away from vertebrae, thus rotating scapula upward slightly

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5
Q

Pectoralis Minor Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin: Anterior surfaces of 3rd to 5th rib
Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
Movements:
- Abduction (protraction): draws scapula forward & tends to tilt lower border away from ribs
- Downward rotation: as it abducts, it draws scapula downward
- Depression: when scapula is rotated upward, it assists in depression

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6
Q

Subclavius Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin: Superior aspect of first rib at its junction with its costal cartilage
Insertion: Inferior groove in the mid-portion of the clavicle
Movements:
- Stabilization & protection of sternoclavicular joint
- Depression
- Abduction

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7
Q

Scapula Abduction

  • Examples?
  • Muscles?
A 
Example:
- Push up
Muscles:
- Pectoralis Minor
- Serratus Anterior
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8
Q

Scapula Adduction

  • Examples?
  • Muscles?
A 
Example:
- Rows
Muscles:
- Trapezius (Middle Fibers) 
- Trapezius (Lower Fibers)
- Rhomboids
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9
Q

Scapula Upward Rotation

  • Examples?
  • Muscles?
A 
Example:
- Shoulder Abduction
Muscles:
- Serratus Anterior
- Trapezius (Upper Fibers)
- Trapezius (Middle Fibers)
- Trapezius (Lower Fibers)
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10
Q

Scapula Downward Rotation

  • Examples?
  • Muscles?
A 
Examples:
- Lat pull downs
- Pull ups
Muscles:
- Pectoralis Minor
- Rhomboids
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11
Q

Scapula Elevation

  • Examples?
  • Muscles?
A 
Example:
- Shoulder shrugs
Muscles:
- Trapezius (Upper Fibers)
- Trapezius (Middle Fibers)
- Rhomboids
- Levator Scapulae
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12
Q

Scapula Depression

  • Examples?
  • Muscles?
A 
Example:
- Dips
Muscles:
- Pectoralis Minor
- Trapezius (Lower Fibers)
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13
Q

What bones are in the Shoulder Girdle?

A
  • Scapula and Clavicle
  • These two generally move as a unit
  • Clavicle’s articulation with the sternum is the only bony link to the axial skeleton
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14
Q

Scapulothoracic Joint

A
  • Scapula move on posterior rib cage

- Joint motion occurs at sternoclavicular joint and to a lesser degree at the acromioclavicular joint

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15
Q

Sternoclavicular (SC) Joint

  • What type?
  • Lagamentous support?
A

Type:
- Arthrodial
Ligamentous Support:
- Anteriorly and Posteriorly by SC ligament
- Costoclavicular (Costo = ribs; Clavicular = clavicle) and interclavicular (in between 2 clavicles) ligaments provide stability against superior displacement

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16
Q

Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint

  • What type?
  • Motion?
  • Why is it injured?
A

Type:
- Arthrodial
Motion:
- 20 to 30 degrees total gliding and rotational motion supported by coracoclavicular ligaments and the acromioclavicular ligaments
Why its injured:
- Separated shoulder –> AC sprain –> there is no protection above it, so any blow to it is transmitted directly to the AC

17
Q

Scapulothoracic Joint

  • Synovial or not?
  • Importance of SC and AC Joints?
  • Support?
A 
- Not synovial
Importance of SC and AC joints:
- 25 degrees abduction/adduction
- 60 degrees of upward/downward rotation
- 55 degrees elevation/depression
Support:
- From muscles, no ligaments
18
Q

What movements are available in the shoulder girdle?

A
  • Elevation: Superior
  • Depression: Inferior
  • Abduction (Protraction): scapula moves laterally
  • Adduction (Retraction): scapula moves medially
  • Upward Rotation: superolaterally
  • Downward Rotation: inferomedially
19
Q

Relationship between shoulder joint and shoulder girdle

  • How do they create motion?
  • Girdle dependent on joint for motion?
A
  • Work together to create shoulder joint motion

- No

20
Q

What do the shoulder girdle muscles do?

A
  • Provide stable base for the humeral muscles to exert force
  • Maintain scapular position –> shoulder joint actions
  • Enhance movement –> end ranges

Kinesiology (4 decks)

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