Chapter 5: Primates: Past and Present

Question 1

Prosimians

Answer 1

Literally “premonkeys,” one of the two suborders of primates; includes lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers

Question 2

The anthropoid order is divided into two main groups:

Answer 2

Platyrrhines and Catarrhines

Question 3

Platyrrhines

Answer 3

Broad nose, 3 premolars, no ear tube, prehensile tail.

Question 4

Catarrhines

Answer 4

Narrow nose, 2 premolars, has ear tube, cheek pouches, ischial callosities, non-prehensile tail.

Question 5

New World Monkeys

Answer 5

Three premolars. Some New World monkeys have a prehensile(grasping) tail. All the New World monkeys are completely arboreal.

Question 6

Old World Monkeys

Answer 6

Two premolars. No Old World monkeys have a prehensile tail.Many are terrestrial.

Question 7

hominoid group

Answer 7

• lesser apes, or hylobates (gibbons and siamangs).
• great apes, or pongids (orangutans, gorillas, and chimpanzees)
• humans, or hominids.

Question 8

Homonoids

Answer 8

All hominoids have fairly long arms; short, broadtrunks; and no tails. Hominoid hands are longer and stronger than those of other primates.

Question 9

Gibbons and Siamangs

Answer 9

Gibbons and Siamangs are spectacular brachiators; their long arms and fingers let them swing hand over hand through the trees. A gibbon can move more than 30 feet in a single forward swing.

Question 10

Knuckle walking

Answer 10

A locomotor pattern of primates such as the chimpanzee and gorilla in which the weight of the upper part of the body is supported on the thickly padded knuckles of the hands