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linguistics > Chapter 5 Phonetics (terms and definitions) > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Phonetics (terms and definitions) Flashcards

1
Q

phonetics

A

study of speech sounds

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2
Q

acoustic phonetics

A

physical properties

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3
Q

auditory phonetics

A

perception

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4
Q

articulatory phonetics

A

production

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5
Q

What IPA stands for?

A

International phonetic association (1888, France)

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6
Q

Diacritics

A

additions/minor modifications (length, nasalization, stress, etc)

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7
Q

Bilabial

A

both lips (p, b, m)

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8
Q

labiodental

A

lips + teeth (f, v)

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9
Q

interdental

A

tongue behind front teeth (sound teeth, they)

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10
Q

Alveolar

A

Tongue flat in front palate (t, d, n, s, z, l, r)

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11
Q

Palatal

A

Tongue middle palate (sh, ch, j)

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12
Q

velar

A

Tongue back palate (k,g, w, “gn” n special)

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13
Q

glottal

A

glottal (h)

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14
Q

manner of articulation

A

vocal cords may or may not vibrate

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15
Q

Voiced sound

A

vocal cords vibrate

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16
Q

Airstream mechanism

A

pulmonic sound/egressive

17
Q

voiceless sound

A

vocal cords don’t vibrate

18
Q

Oral sounds

A

velum block the aire from escaping the nose (p, b, t, k, d, g)

19
Q

nasal sounds

A

air passes through the nose (m, n, n special) *
Mouth stays close

20
Q

Stops (nasal or oral)

A

Air stream is blocked for a brief period

21
Q

fricatives

A

air is obstructed partially

22
Q

Affricates

A

stop closure + slow release (church, judge)

23
Q

liquids

A

Some obstruction in the month, but not enough to create friction (l, r)

24
Q

Glides

A

rapid movement of the tongue, little obstruction in the mouth (j, w)

25
Q

rounded vowels

A

lips are rounded

26
Q

tense

A

longer in duration (i =beet)

27
Q

lax

A

shorter in duration (I =hit)

28
Q

pitch of our voice

A

how fast the vocal cords vibrate

29
Q

diphthongs

A

vowels + glide (aj =buy, aw =out, c à l’envers j =boy)

30
Q

broad transcription

A

enough detail to distinguish one morpheme from another

31
Q

narrow transcription

A

includes additional features (like aspiration with the little h, stress or vowels)

32
Q

prosodic features

A

Length, pitch, stress

33
Q

Intonation languages

A

falling pitch (signals completeness) vs rising pitch (signals of incompleteness)
intonation may contrast meanings of sentences

34
Q

Syllable-timed

A

syllables take equal amount of time to pronounce (french)

35
Q

stress-timed

A

different length of time per syllable (english)

linguistics (7 decks)

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