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Chemistry > Chapter 5 (new) > Flashcards

Chapter 5 (new) Flashcards

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1
Q

Nitrite Ion

A
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2
Q

Formula Unit

A

Represents the smallest whole number ratio of an electrically neutral collection of ions in an ionic compound.

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3
Q

Nobel Gases

A

Elements from which group are always named first in covalent binary compounds?

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4
Q

Molecular Elements

A

Elements that exist as two or more atoms covalently bonded.

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5
Q

Dihydrogen Phosphate

A
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6
Q

H, He, Li, Be, B

A

Notable exceptions to the Octet Rule

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7
Q

Hypoiodite Ion

A

IO-

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8
Q

Hydrogen Sulfate Ion

(Bisulfate Ion)

A
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9
Q

Hydroxide Ion

A
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10
Q

Acetate Ion

A
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11
Q

•nH2O

A

Denotes a hydrate in a chemical formula.

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12
Q

Covalent Compound

A

Type of compound that can be described using Molecular or Empirical formulas.

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13
Q

Covalent Binary Compounds

A

The element farthest left on the periodic table is usually named first in which type of compound?

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14
Q

tri

A

Greek prefix for 3

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15
Q

Carbonate Ion

A
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16
Q

Molecular Mass

A

The sum of the atomic masses of the atoms in the formula of a covalent compound.

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17
Q

Stock System

A

Used on metals that have varying charges.

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18
Q

Permanganate Ion

A
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19
Q

Molecular Elements

A

Includes Diatomic elements and Polyatomic elements.

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20
Q

Valence Electrons

A

e- which are most important for bonding.

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21
Q

Dichromate Ion

A
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22
Q

Ammonium Ion

A

NH4+

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23
Q

Nitrate Ion

A
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24
Q

Mass Percent Composition

A
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25
Q

Molecular Formula

A

Chemical formula that represents the exact ratio of elements in a covalent compound.

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26
Q

Crystalline Lattice

A

3D array of cations and anions that compose an ionic compound.

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27
Q

Periodate Ion

A

IO4-

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28
Q

Tin(Sn) and Lead(Pb)

A

Main group elements that use the stock system.

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29
Q

Bromite Ion

A

BrO2-

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30
Q

Negative

A

Is lattice energy always positive or negative?

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31
Q

Diatomic Elements

A

Elements such as H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, and I2.

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32
Q

Atomic Elements

e.g., Na, Fe, C, etc.

A

Elements that exist as single atoms.

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33
Q

Hydrates

A

Uses Greek Prefix system to denote number of molecules.

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34
Q

Electron Sea Model

A

Model that explains properties of metals, such as conductivity, malubility, and ductility.

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35
Q

___ic

Fe2+ = ferrous ion

Fe3+ = ferric ion

A

In the Old system (prior to stock system) the higher charge ion used which suffix?

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36
Q

Chlorate Ion

A
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37
Q

Covalent Bond

A

A bond typically formed between nonmetals.

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38
Q

Hydrogen carbonate ion

(Bicarbonate ion)

A
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39
Q

hexa

A

Greek prefix for 6

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40
Q

Ionic Compounds

A

In which type of compound does molecular mass not apply?

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41
Q

Ionic Bond

A

An interaction where one atom has low IE and the other has favorable EA.

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42
Q

Covalent Bond

A

Type of bond where atoms share electrons.

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43
Q

Zero

A

In the chemical formula for an ionic compound, the sum of the charges must equal ___.

44
Q

Valence Electrons

A

Highest energy e- in an atom.

45
Q

Covalent Bond

A

An interaction where both atoms have a high IE or favorable EA.

46
Q

Main Group Anions

N3- = nitride ion

O2- = oxide ion

A

Named by using the base name and modifying with the suffix ide ion.

47
Q

penta

A

Greek prefix for 5

48
Q

Hypochlorite Ion

A
49
Q

Ionic Bond

A

Bond formed between cations and anions whose opposite charges attract.

50
Q

hepta

A

Greek prefix for 7

51
Q

Phosphite Ion

A
52
Q

Tin (Sn) and Lead (Pb)

A

Exceptions to the main group ionic compound naming conventions.

53
Q

Chlorite Ion

A
54
Q

di

A

Greek prefix for 2

55
Q

Octet rule

A

Atoms will form bonds so that they obtain 8 valence e- in the outer shell.

56
Q

Lattice Energy |

A

In an ionic compound, Internuclear distance is inversly proportional to

57
Q

Polyatomic Elements

A

Elements such as P4, S8, and Se8.

58
Q

Sulfite Ion

A
59
Q

Hydronium Ion

A

H3O+

60
Q

Lattice Energy

A

The amount of energy required to separate the cations and anions in a crystalline lattice.

61
Q

Charge

A

Which property has the greatest effect on | lattice energy |?

62
Q

Main Group Cations

K+ = potassium ion

A

Named by adding the term ion to the name.

63
Q

___ous

Cu+ = cuprous ion

Cu2+ = cupric ion

A

In the Old system (prior to stock system) the lower charge ion used which suffix?

64
Q

Bond Length

A

The ideal distance between two atoms that results in a minimum of energy.

65
Q

Structural Formula

A

Chemical formula that shows how the atoms are attached.

66
Q

Transition Metals

A

Commonly indicates charge using Roman numerals (stock system)

67
Q

Structural Formula

A

Type of formula used when the chemical formula doesn’t convey enough information.

68
Q

Smallest

A

The formula for an ionic compound must reflect the ___ ratio.

69
Q

Formula Mass

A

The sum of the atomic masses of the atoms in the empirical formula of an ionic compound.

70
Q

Hypobromite Ion

A

BrO-

71
Q

Thiosulfate Ion

A
72
Q

Ionic Bond

A

Atom w low IE transfers electron to atom w favorable EA.

73
Q

Covalent bonds

A

Polyatomic ions contain which type of bond?

74
Q

Stock System

A

Indicates charge using Roman numerals

75
Q

deca

A

Greek prefix for 10

76
Q

Hund’s Rule

A

States that every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied before any is doubly occupied.

77
Q

Bromate Ion

A

BrO3-

78
Q

mono-

A

Which prefix is not used on the first element of a covalent binary compound?

79
Q

tetra

A

Greek prefix for 4

80
Q

Ionic Bond

A

A bond typically formed between metals and nonmetals.

81
Q

Hydrogen Phosphate

A
82
Q

ammonia

A

NH3

83
Q

-ide

A

What suffix is added to the 2nd element in a covalent binary compound?

84
Q

Iodite Ion

A

IO2-

85
Q

mono

A

Greek prefix for 1

86
Q

Chromate Ion

A
87
Q

Phosphate Ion

A
88
Q

None

A

What suffix is added to the first element’s name in a covalent binary compound?

89
Q

Hydrates

A

Ionic compounds with a specific number of water molecules incorporated in the structure.

90
Q

nona

A

Greek prefix for 9

91
Q

Ionic Compound

A

Type of compound where the empirical formula is always used.

92
Q

Thiocyanate Ion

A
93
Q

Empirical Formula

A

Chemical formula that represents the lowest ratio of the elements in a compound.

94
Q

Greek prefix

A

What is added to each element’s name in a covalent binary compound?

95
Q

Sulfate Ion

A
96
Q

octa

A

Greek prefix for 8

97
Q

Assume 100g of substance

A

When given percentages or ratios of elements and asked to find the empirical formula, what trick is utilized?

98
Q

Diatomic Elements

A

Elements that exist in pairs of two covalently bonded atoms.

99
Q

Metallic Bond

A

Chemical bonds formed between positively charged atoms with loosely held electrons.

100
Q

Perchlorate Ion

A
101
Q

Cyanide Ion

A
102
Q

Iodate Ion

A

IO3-

103
Q

Polyatomic Elements

A

Elements that exist in groups of 3 or more covalently bonded atoms.

104
Q

Metallic Bond

A

An interaction where both atoms have a low IE or unfavorable EA.

105
Q

Perbromate Ion

A

BrO4-

106
Q

Oxide

A

In which anion is the -o or -a dropped in the greek prefix in a covalent binary compound?

107
Q

Lattice Energy

A

The energy associated with forming a crystalline lattice of alternating cations and anions from gas phase ions.

Chemistry (13 decks)

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