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Pediatrics > Chapter 5: Middle Childhood and Adolescence > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Middle Childhood and Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

The pre-pubescence growth spurt occurs:
A. Earlier in boys than in girls.
B. Earlier in girls than in boys.
C. At about the same time in boys and girls.

A

B

8-9 years old for girls
12 years old for boys

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2
Q

What age is middle childhood?

A

6-12 years

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3
Q

What stage is a middle childhood in of Erikson’s Psychosocial Development theory?

A

Industry vs Inferiority

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4
Q

What stage is a middle childhood in of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

Concrete Operations

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5
Q

What are some developmental milestones of middle childhood?

A
  • Peer pressure begins to take effect
  • Clubs with secret cods and rituals
  • Hero worship
  • Ready for away-from-home experiences
  • Most relationships come from school associations
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6
Q

PEDS

A

P - Proper nutrition
E - Exercise
D - Dental Hygiene
S - Sleep

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7
Q

Middle childhood kids should have how many hours of sleep?

A

At least 9 hours

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8
Q

What are the main concerns for school-age children?

A

School phobias and stealing

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9
Q

A nurse is reviewing nutritional guidelines with the parents of an 11-year-old child. Which statement should indicate to the nurse that the parents understand the guidelines?
A. “She wants to eat as much as we do, but we are afraid she will soon be overweight.”
B. “She skips lunch sometimes, but we figure it is okay as long as she has a healthy breakfast and dinner.”
C. “We limit fast-food restaurant meals to 3 times a week now.”
D. “We reward her school achievements with a point system instead of pizza or ice cream.”

A

D

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10
Q

A nurse is talking with parents of a 10-year-old who express concerns that their son is suddenly becoming secretive; for example, closing the door when he showers, dresses and does his homework in his room. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
A. “Perhaps you should try to find out what he is doing behind those closed doors”.
B. “Suggest that he leave the door ajar for his safety.”
C. “At this age, children tend to become more modest and value their privacy.”
D. “Tell him that it is okay to close the door when he is undressed, but he has to do his homework where you can see him.”

A

C

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11
Q

What age is middle childhood?

A

6-12 years old

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12
Q

What age is adolescence?

A

13-19 years old

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13
Q

What age will girls max out their height?

A

16 years old, usually after 2 years after menarche

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14
Q

What age will boys max out their heigh?

A

21 years old

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15
Q

What are puberty changes for girls?

A
  • Breast buds
  • Pubic hair
  • Axillary hair
  • Menses
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16
Q

What are puberty changes for boys?

A
  • Testes and penis enlarge
  • Pubic hair
  • Facial/axillary hair
  • Voice changes
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17
Q

What stage is an adolescent in of Erikson’s Psychosocial Development theory?

A

Identity vs Role Confusion

18
Q

What stage is a adolescent in of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

Formal Operational Thought

19
Q 
A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the father of a 13-year-old boy.  The nurse should recommend the following screenings:  (Select all that apply)
A. Body mass index.
B. Scoliosis. 
C. 24-hour dietary recall.
D. Weight.
E. Blood lead level.
A

A, D, E

20
Q

What are the main concerns for adolescents?

A

Acne, body piercings and tattoos, cigs/vaping/weed

21
Q

A nurse is discussing prepubescence and preadolescence with a group of parents of school-age children. What information should the nurse include in the discussion?
A. Initial physiologic changes appear during early childhood.
B. Changes in height and weight occur slowly during this period.
C. Growth differences between boys and girls become evident.
D. Signs of sexual maturation become highly visible in boys.

A

C

22
Q

How to prevent injury for adolescents?

A
  • Keep firearms locked
  • Wear seat belts
  • Wear safety gear for recreational activities
23
Q

What are the main health problems for adolescents?

A
  • Alcohol/substance abuse

- Anorexia nervosa/Bulimia

24
Q

ADHD

A
  • Difficulty focusing attention, engaging in quiet activity
  • Must be present in 2 or more settings
  • Begins before age 12
  • Unknown causes
25
Q

Medication management for ADHD

A

Monitor growth esp with methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta)

26
Q 
Gynecomastia:
A Is always bilateral.
B. Occurs in 50-60% of adolescent males.
C. Requires surgical intervention.
D. Begins in late adolescence.
A

B

27
Q

What are the most common STI’s?

A

Gonorrhea, chlamydia, and genital warts

28
Q

What education regarding STI’s can you give to an adolescent?

A
  • Emphasize abstinence and safe sex
  • Remain nonjudgmental and encourage seek medication asap
  • Tell partners they need medications too
29
Q

What is the 3rd leading cause of death among 15-24 year olds?

A

Suicide

30
Q

What is the 1st choice of method for suicide?

A

Firearm

31
Q

Females attempt more often, but males 3x more successful. True or false.

A

True

32
Q

How many actually wish to die vs others seeking for attention or escape difficult/painful situation?

A

1/3

33
Q

What is the main cause for suicide?

A

Loss

34
Q

75% of adolescents that commit suicide have ___ ___.

A

mental health issues

35
Q

What are some suicide warnings?

A
  • Overwhelming anxiety
  • Withdrawal and social isolation
  • S&S of depression
  • Give away prized possessions
  • Saying goodbyes
  • “I’d be better off dead”
36
Q

A nurse is reviewing the CDC immunization recommendations with parents of an adolescent. Which vaccines should the nurse include in this discussion? (Select all that apply)
A. Rotavirus and HIB.
B. Varicella and MMR.
C. Herpes zoster and Pneumovax.
D. Human papilloma virus and Meningococcal.
E. Hepatitis B and Seasonal Influenza.

A

D, E

37
Q

School-age children will gain about how many lbs per year?

A

4.4-6.6 lbs (ATI)

38
Q

School-age children will grow about how many cm per year?

A

5 cm (ATI)

39
Q

Anorexia

A

An eating disorder where one will eat very little on purpose which leads to very low body weight. They have an intense fear of weight gain and have a distorted body image.

40
Q

Bulimia

A

An eating disorder where one will binge eat then purge. They eat large amounts of food even when they’re not hungry and may feel upset of guilt after binge eating.

Pediatrics (5 decks)

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