Chapter 5 - Ionic Flashcards
What is ionic bonding
Ionic bonding is a chemical bonding that involves the transfer of electrons between a metal and non-metal
Why do ions from
Ions are formed when atoms loss or gain electrons in order to fulfil the octet rule and have full valence electrons in shells
What structure are ionic compounds found in?
A solid crystal lattice structure made up of positive and negative ions
The three dimensional lattice is held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the cation and anion.
The electrostatic forces are called ionic bonding
What are the properties of ionic compounds
- high melting and boiling points; solid at room temp
- hard but brittle
- do not conduct electricity in solid state but good when dissolved or in water
Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points
The strong electrostatic forces within the lattice hold onto the positive and negative ions with great force, therefore higher amounts of energy is required to disturb the bonds
Why are ionic compounds are hard but brittle
They feel hard and dense because the electrostatic forces holding ions close together make it feel hard.
When force is applied they move lattice moves making the like charges to be near, which repel.
Thus the lattice breaks
Why can ionic compounds not conduct electricity in solid state but can in liquid state?
Cannot in solid because there is no free particles to carry the current, because all particles are in fixated positions.
Can in aqueous solution because the ionic compound dissolves and disassociates. This means there are free particles able to direct and move the current.
