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Bio 107 > Chapter 5: Integument > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Integument Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The integumentary system consists of….

A 
Hair
Skin
Nails
Sweat glands
And sebaceous glands
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2
Q

What the single largest organ in our body

A

The skin

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3
Q

What does the skin do

A

It’s the first line of defense that protects us from pathogens

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4
Q

What are the three layers of the skin

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis

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5
Q

The outermost portion of skin

A

Epidermis

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6
Q

Often called the ”true skin”

A

Dermis

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7
Q

2nd most lower portion of skin

A

Dermis

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8
Q

Most superficial region of skin

A

Epidermis

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9
Q

Melanocytes

A

Calls that produce pigment melanin

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10
Q

Region exposed to external environment

A

Epidermis

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11
Q

Region that functions to protect

A

Epidermis

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12
Q

Avascular region of skin

A

Epidermis

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13
Q

Partially dead portion of skin

A

Epidermis

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14
Q

Region that’s composed of keratinozed stratified squamous epithelium

A

Epidermis

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15
Q

Region that consists of 4 cell types and 4 layers

A

Epidermis

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16
Q

Cell that produce fibrous brown pigment melanin

A

Malanocytes

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17
Q

What does melanin do

A

Gives iris in Eye color

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18
Q

The more melanin one produce the…

A

Darker their skin

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19
Q

What are keratinocytes

A

Calls that produce fibrous protein keratin

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20
Q

What is keratin

A

A fibrous protein

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21
Q

What does keratin do

A

Gives skin protective properties

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22
Q

Cells that produce keratin

A

Keratinocytes

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23
Q

What are dendritic cells

A

Epidermal macrophages

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24
Q

What do dendritic cells do

A

Help active the immune system

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25
Q

Cells that help active the immune system

A

Dendritic cells

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26
Q

What are the cells of the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes
Dendritic
Melanocytes
Merkel cells

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27
Q

What are merkel cells

A

Touch receptors in association with sensory nerve endings

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28
Q

Another name for merkel cells

A

Tactile

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29
Q

Tightly connected by desmosomes

A

Merkel cells

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30
Q

What is two ways to classify epidermis region

A

Keratinized vs non-keratinized

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31
Q

Keratinized

A

Dry dead cells in surface of skin

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32
Q

Produce keratin that help form protective water barrier

A

Keratinized epidermis

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33
Q

In mouth and internal linings

A

Non-keratinized epidermis

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34
Q

Non-keratinized epidermis

A

Found in mouth and internal linings

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35
Q

What does non-keratinized epidermis do

A

Help form a supportive layer

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36
Q

Middle region of skin

A

Dermis

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37
Q

Alive region

A

Dermis

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38
Q

Mostly fibrous connective tissue

A

Dermis

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39
Q

Vascular

A

Dermis

40
Q

Region where vitamin D is made

A

Dermis

41
Q

Dermis region

A

Have connective tissue that helps dermis hold to epidermis

42
Q

What are the cells of the dermis

A

Fibroblasts
Mast cells
Macrophages
And white blood cells

43
Q

White blood cells

A

Help fight infections

44
Q

Mast cells

A

Help with allergic reactions

45
Q

Fibroblasts

A

Make fibers in connective tissue

46
Q

Macrophages

A

Do phagocytosis

47
Q

Deep innermost layer

A

Hypodermis

48
Q

Consists of editors n connective tissue

A

Hypodermis

49
Q

Another name for hypodermis region

A

Subcutaneous layer

50
Q

Not part of skin but share some functions

A

Hypodermis

51
Q

Makes fossa

A

Hypodermis

52
Q

What does the adipose tissue in the hypodermis do

A

Absorbs, shock and insulated

53
Q

Anchors skin to unfeeling structures like the muscles

A

Hypodermis

54
Q

Mostly adipose and areolar connective tissue

A

Hypodermis

55
Q

Appendages of skin

A

Hair
Nails
Sweat glands
Sebaceous glands

56
Q

Filamentous strands of dead keratinized cells

A

Hair

57
Q

Hair is

A

Produced by hair follicle

58
Q

Hard keratin

A

Hair

59
Q

Made of soft keratin

A

Skin

60
Q

Consists of a core called medulla, cortex and an outermost cuticle

A

Hair

61
Q

Medulla part of hair

A

Middle

62
Q

What the medulla is wrapped around

A

Cortex

63
Q

What hold hair together

A

The cuticle

64
Q

Hair is made of what

A

The shaft projecting from skin and roof embedded in the skin

65
Q

What is found at the base of hair

A

Melanocytes

66
Q

Hair follicle

A

Root sheath

67
Q

Where does the hair follicle go

A

Extends from the epidermal surface to dermjs

68
Q

The deep end of hair is

A

Expanded forming a hair bulb

69
Q

What is found on each Jesus bulb

A

Hair plexus

70
Q

Hair plexus are

A

A knot of sensory nerve endings

71
Q

What does bending a hair do

A

Stimulates the nerve endings acting as a sensitive touch receptor

72
Q

Sweat glands

A

Prevents overheating of the body

Secrets cerumen and milk

73
Q

Exccrine glands are

A

Found all over the body mostly palms, soles of feet, and forehead

74
Q

Thermoregulation

A

Release heat and heater

Sweat evaporation

75
Q

Apocrine glands

A

Found in axillary and genital areas

76
Q

When do apocrine glands function

A

At puberty

77
Q

What is the function of epocrine glands

A

Responsible for body odor because of bacteria breakdown of oils

78
Q

Can be found in other mammals

A

Apocrine glands

79
Q

Ceruminous glands

A

Modified apocrine glands in external ear canal that secrete cerumen

80
Q

Mammary glands

A

Specialized sweat glands that secrete milk

81
Q

Sweat glands found only in mammals

A

Mammary glands

82
Q

Sweat glands found in external ear opening

A

Ceruminous glands

83
Q

Kinds of sweat glands

A

Eccrine
Apocrine
Ceruminous
And mammary

84
Q

Simple alveolar glands found all over the body

A

Sebaceous glands

85
Q

Oil glands

A

Sebaceous glands

86
Q

Which glands soften skin when stimulated by hormones

A

Sebaceous glands

87
Q

Associated with hair follicles

A

Sebaceous glands

88
Q

Name a major function of the integumentary system

A

Protection

89
Q

A chemical, physical and mechanical barrier

A

Integumentary system

90
Q

Body temperature in the integumentary system is accomplished by

A

Dilation and constriction of dermal vessels

91
Q

Dilation

A

Cooling

92
Q

Constriction

A

Warming

93
Q

What are exoreceptors that sense touch and pain

A

Cutaneous sensation

94
Q

What is the synthesis of Vitamin D in dermal blood vessels

A

Metabolic functions

95
Q

What is blood reservoir

A

Skin blood vessels store up to 5% of the body’s blood volume

Bio 107 (3 decks)

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