Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Massage Therapy School > Chapter 5:Human Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 5:Human Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

0
Q

True or False: Muscles comprise 50 to 75 percent of the total body weight

A

False 40 to 60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

True or False: The action of muscle cells produce nearly all the movement of the body

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or False: Irritability is the ability of the muscle to stretch

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or False: Skeletal muscle tissue is supplied with a vast network of blood and lymph vessels and capillaries and nerve fibers

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

True or False: Superficial fascia covers the entire muscular system

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or False: Muscle cells are unique in that they have only one nucleus

A

False multi-nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or False: There are a few specialized muscle cells called spindle cells that have both sensory and motor functions

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or False: Larger muscles have the same number of muscle fibers as smaller muscles, and they have more intricate muscles motor units

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True or False: There is only enough ATP stored in the muscle cells to sustain a contraction for a few seconds

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or False: Skeletal muscles have a least one end of the muscle that is attached to bone

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
The skeletal muscular system consists of over \_\_\_ large and small muscles
A. 600
B. 800
C. 1000
D. 1200
A

600

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
\_\_\_ muscles are governed by the central nervous system and appear striated or striped under the microscope
A. Cardiac
B. Skeletal
C. Smooth
D. All of the above
A

Skeletal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
\_\_\_ muscle is composed of the cells that are distinctly striated, are quadrangular, joined end to end, and grouped in bundles supported by a framework of connective tissue
A. Cardiac 
B. Skeletal
C. Smooth
D. None of the above
A

Cardiac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q 
\_\_\_ muscles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system. They consist of spindle-shaped non-striated cells that overlap at the ends, often forming fibrous bands. They can maintain a contraction for a long time, and they do not fatigue easily.
A. Cardiac
B. Skeletal
C. Smooth
D. All of the above
A

Smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q 
All of the following are characteristics of muscles EXCEPT \_\_\_\_
A. Irritability 
B. Protractility 
C. Contractility 
D. Extensibility
A

Protractility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q 
All of the following are characteristics of muscles EXCEPT
A. Irritability
B. Protractility 
C. Contractility 
D. Extensibility
A

B. Protractility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q 
The muscle cell has a connective tissue covering called the \_\_\_\_the maintains its parallel position with other cells.
A. Perimysium 
B. Epimysium
C. Endomysium
D. Genomysium
A

C. Endomysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q 
\_\_\_ connect muscle to bones
A. Tendons
B. Ligaments
C. Fascia
D. Cartilage
A

A. Tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q 
A(n) \_\_\_\_\_ is the smallest functional unit of the muscle fiber.
A. Neuron
B. Microfiber 
C. Sarcomere
D. Andomere
A

C. Sarcromere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q 
The site where the muscle fiber and nerve fiber meet is called the \_\_\_\_. 
A. Musculoneural junction
B. Efferent/afferent junction
C. Neurotransmitter site
D. Neuromuscular junction
A

D. Neuromuscular junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q 
The energy for the muscle contraction comes from the breakdown of the \_\_\_\_ molecule.
A. ATP
B. ADP
C. AMP
D. DPM
A

A. ATP

21
Q 
\_\_\_\_ results either because the circulation of blood cannot keep pace with the demand for oxygen or because the waste products accumulate faster than they can be removed, affecting the muscles ability to respond to nerve impulses.
A. Muscles tone
B. Muscles strength
C. Muscles fatigue
D. None of the above
A

C. Muscle fatigue

22
Q 
\_\_\_\_ have a relatively slower contraction time and high resistance to fatigue.
A. Type I fast twitch fibers 
B. Type I slow twitch fibers 
C. Type II fast twitch fibers
D. Type II slow twitch fibers
A

B. Type I slow twitch fiber

23
Q 
The white breast meat of chicken is made of \_\_\_\_ muscle fibers.
A. Type I 
B. Type II
C. Type Ia
D. Type IIb
A

A. Type I

24
Q 
\_\_\_\_ muscle fibers provide on-demand, powerful, explosive contractions. These fibers tend to be larger with more actin/myosin filaments but fewer mitochondria and less blood supply.
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
A

B. Type II

25
Q 
Muscles support the body against gravity and are made up of higher proportion of Type I fibers.
A. Phasic
B. Gravitational
C. Orthostatic
D. Postural
A

A. Phasic

26
Q 
The place the muscle is anchored to a relatively immovable section of the skeleton is called the place of \_\_\_\_. 
A. Attachment 
B. Origin
C. Insertion
D. Insertion
A

B. Origin

27
Q 
The \_\_\_\_\_ point of the muscle is generally attached to more distal aspect of an appendage.
A. Attachment
B. Origin
C. Insertion
D. None of the above
A

C. Insertion

28
Q 
When a muscle contracts and the ends of the muscle do not move or the body part that the muscle affects does not move, the contraction is considered an \_\_\_\_\_contraction. 
A. Isometric
B. Isotonic
C. Isotoner
D. Isocentric
A

A. Isometric

29
Q 
When the distance between the ends of the contracting muscle decreases, the isotonic contraction is said to be \_\_\_\_. 
A. Isometric
B. Isotonic
C. Concentric
D. Eccentric
A

C. Concentric

30
Q 
When you do a push-up what muscle action occurs?
A. Eccentric 
B. Isotonic
C. Concentric
D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

31
Q 
When an isolated and specific action occurs, the muscle responsible for that action is called the\_\_\_.
A. Synergist
B. Antagonist
C. Agonist
D. Fixator
A

C. Agonist

32
Q 
When a prime mover contract, there is a muscle that causes the opposite action. It is called the \_\_\_\_\_.
A. Synergist
B. Antagonist
C. Agonist
D. Fixator
A

B. Antagonist

33
Q 
Muscles that assist the prime mover are called \_\_\_\_. 
A. Antagonists
B. Agonists
C. Fixator
D. Synergists
A

D. Synergists

34
Q 
What is the primary function of the biceps?
A. Flex the elbow
B. Extend the elbow
C. Rotate the elbow
D. Adduct the elbow
A

A. Flex the elbow

35
Q 
A \_\_\_ is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle or a group of muscles.
A. Strain
B. Sprain
C. Spasm 
D. Tear
A

C. Spasm

36
Q 
Muscles \_\_\_\_ is/are the most common injury to muscles. 
A. Sprains
B. Strains
C. Atrophy
D. Spasms
A

B. Strains

37
Q 
The majority of muscle strains (80 percent) occur to the muscle \_\_\_ or at the junction between the muscle and the tendon.
A. Insertion
B. Origin
C. Belly
D. Back
A

C. Belly

38
Q 
Muscle \_\_\_\_\_ is an enlargement of the breadth of a muscle as a result of repeated forceful muscle activity.
A. Strain
B. Hypertrophy
C. Atrophy
D. Spasms
A

B. Hypertrophy

39
Q 
Massage directly on the site a(n) \_\_\_\_ cramp or charley horse is contraindicated.
A. Acute
B. Tonic
C. Clonic
D. Subacute
A

A. Acute

40
Q 
\_\_\_\_ are shortened, contracted muscles or muscle groups where the muscle atrophied and shrinks while the connective tissue thickens.
A. Fracture 
B. Cramps 
C. Contracture
D. Strains
A

C. Contractures

41
Q 
If a muscle cannot be contracted or is only contracted very weakly, the muscle tissue will rapidly degenerate and begin to waste away. This is called muscle\_\_\_\_. 
A. Hypertrophy
B. Sclerosis
C. Atrophy
D. Dystrophy
A

C. Atrophy

42
Q 
\_\_\_\_ is chronic inflammatory disease of the connective tissue that may affect many body tissues and organs.
A. Tenonitis 
B. Fibromyalgia 
C. Lupus erythematosus
D. Muscular dystrophy
A

C. Lupus erythematosus

43
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_ is characterized by pain, fatigue, and stiffness in the connective tissue of the muscles, tendons, and ligaments.
A. Tendonitis
B. Fibromyalgia 
C. Lupus erythematosus
D. Muscular dystrophy
A

B. Fibromyalgia

44
Q

List and briefly describe the three types of the muscular tissue.

A
  1. Voluntary-controlled by central nervous system
  2. Involuntary-controlled by the autonomic nervous system
  3. Cardiac- striated muscle, involuntary nerves
45
Q

Explain what gives skeletal muscles their striped appearance.

A

The striped appearance is due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments

46
Q

Briefly explain how muscles contract

A

Sliding filament theory is when the actin slides across the myosin filaments when contracting

47
Q

Briefly explain how muscles contract

A

Muscles contract because the sarcolema reticulum releases calcium ions causing the actin the slide across the myosin filaments

48
Q

Briefly describe oxygen debt

A

Oxygen debt is when lactic acid is created due to lack of ATP

49
Q

List four Phasic muscles and four postural muscles

A

Phasic: deltoid, Rhomboids, hamstrings, Serratus anterior

Postural: upper trapezius, Soleus, gastrocnemius, latissimus dorsi

50
Q

Describe the preferred intervention during the acute stage of a muscle strain

A

Price: protect, rest, ice, central, elevate

51
Q

Describe the condition called muscular dystrophy, including characteristics and considerations for massage therapists

A

Pain, fatigue, stiffness of the muscles.

Massage would be contraindicatated

Massage Therapy School (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions