Chapter 5: Handwriting Flashcards
It is the result of a very complicated series of facts, used as a whole, combination of certain forms or visible mental and muscular habits acquired by long continued product painstaking effort.
Handwriting
Handwriting otherwise known as?
Visible Speech
Writing in which one letter is joined to the next
Cursive
Latin word of cursive and means?
Cursus means “Running”
Characters were written in a separate manner making it easier for beginners to learn the shapes of each letters
Script
Characters were in capital letters
Block
It is defined as a visible effect of bodily movement which is almost an unconscious expression of fixed habits, reacting from mental impression of certain ideas associated with script form.
Handwriting
A muscle which pushes up the pen from the upward strokes
Extensor Muscles
A muscle which pushes the pen from the downward strokes
Flexor muscles
The delicate way in which the various muscles used in writing work together to produce written form
Motor Coordination
The thumb, the first, second and slightly the fingers are in actual motion most usually employed in children and illiterates
Finger movement
Produced by the movement or action of the whole hand with the wrist as the center of attraction.
Hand Movement
Movement of the shoulder, hand and arm with support of the table.
Forearm Movement
An action of the entire arm without resting
Whole Forearm Movement
This refers to the shape or design of the individual letters
Form
It is an angle or inclination of the axis of the letters relative to the baseline
Slope or Slant
Refers to the symmetry of an individual letter
Proportion
This concept usually develops a relationship between one portion of a letter to another portion of the same letter
Proportion
It is a writing characteristic that is considered as one of the hidden features of writing
Proportion of letters
The relationship between tall and short letters
Ratio
It is a common practice among many writers to write their signatures with initial and connected without the pen.
Connecting Stroke
Are a comparison or correlation of the height of one letter or letter segment to another letter usually within the same word or signature
Ratio
Is used when the writing space is adequate
Normal Proportion
Is used when the space is limited
Compressed Proportion
Is used when the space is too wide to write on
Extended Proportion
It is when a letter, word or name (signature) is completed in a free, natural writing the pen is usually raised from paper while in motion of flying finish.
Terminal Stroke
What are the others referred to as Terminal strokes?
• Flying Finish
• Vanishing
• Tapering or Flourishing
The motion of the pen is slightly precedes the putting of the pen on the paper at the beginning with “flying start”
Initial Stroke
It is an interruption in a stroke caused by removing the pen from the paper
Pen Lift
Is a gap between strokes due to speed in writing and defective writing instrument
Hiatus or Pen Jump
It is considered as a common characteristic when it conforms to the ordinary copy book form
Lateral Spacing
It is the distance of a letter in a word or word in a sentence
Lateral Spacing
Refers to the visible record in the written strokes of the basic movement and manner of holding the writing instrument
Line Quality
It is the widening of the ink strokes with increased pressure on the paper surface
Shading
It is the relation of the parts of the whole line of writing or line of individual letters in words or signature to the baseline
Alignment
It is the balanced quality of movements of the harmonious recurrence of stress or impulse
Rhythm
The act of intermittently forcing the pen against the paper surfaces
Pen Emphasis
Relationship between the pen point and the paper
Pen Position
The place where the writer grasps the barrel of the pen and the angle at which he holds it
Pen Hold
The average force with which the pen contacts the papers
Pen Pressure
It deals with the usual average force involved in the writing rather than the period increases
Pen Pressure
Deviation from uniform strokes due to lack of smoothness perfectly apparent even without magnification
Tremor
It is caused by external factors such as the writing instrument and the writing position influenced by physical and mental condition.
Natural Variation
These are most often located at the beginning and of a letter but may be throughout the written material
Rubric or Embellishment
They usually take the form of an added movement that decorates the writing, such as swirls, added loops, concentric circles etc.
Rubric or Embellishment
Sharp, straight strokes that are made by stopping the pen and changing direction before continuing
Angular Forms
Forms that look like arches rounded on the top and open at the bottom
Arcade Forms
Any property or mark which distinguishes and in document examination commonly called to as the identifying details
Characteristics
The act of setting two or more items side by side to weigh their identifying qualities
Comparison
A writer may deliberately try to alter his usual writing habits in hopes of hiding his identity
Disguised Writing
The movement of the pen toward the writer
Downstroke
The writer’s chosen writing style
Form
The way the writing looks, whether it is a copybook, elaborate, simplified or printed
Form
The way the writing looks, whether it is a copybook, elaborate, simplified or printed
Form
A cup-like connected form that is open at the top and rounded on the bottom
Garland Forms
The german word that means complete or whole
Gestalt
The study of handwriting based on the two fundamental strokes, the curve and the straight strokes
Graphoanalysis
Analysis by comparison and measurement
Graphometry
The art of determining character disposition and amplitude of a person from the study of handwriting
Graphology
It also means the scientific study and analysis of handwriting especially with reference to forgeries and questioned documents
Graphology
Any disconnected style of writing in which each letter is written separately
Handlettering
Handlettering also called as?
Handprinting
The amount of space left between letters
Letter Space
Letter Space may be referred to sometimes as?
Line Space
The overall character of the ink lines from the beginning to the ending strokes
Line Quality
A disconnected form of script or semi-script writing
Manuscript Writing
The amount of space left around the writing on all four sides
Margins
It is an important element in handwriting
Movement
It embraces all the factors which are related to the motion of the writing instrument skill, speed, freedom, hesitation, rhythm, emphasis, tremors and the like.
Movement
Any specimen of writing executed normally without any attempt to control or alter its identifying habits and its usual quality or execution
Natural Writing
A creative combination of printing and cursive writing
Printscript
Is used in describing handwriting to refer to any identifying factor that is related to the writing movement it self
Quality
It is also known as left handed writing
Wrong Hand Writing
The element of the writing movement which is marked by regular or periodic recurrences.
Rhythm
The flourishing succession of motion which are recorded in a written record
Rhythm
It may be classed as smooth, intermittent or jerky in its quality
Rhythm
It is the widening of the ink strokes due to the added pressure on a flexible pen point or to the use of a stub pen
Shading
Any characteristics of handwriting that is sufficiently uncommon and well-fixed to serve as a fundamental point in the identification
Significant Writing Habit
Eliminating extra or superfluous strokes from the copybook model
Simplification
May refer to the overall size of the writing or the proportion between zones
Size
It is any set that are relative degrees, ability, or skill and a specimen of handwriting usually contains evidence of the writer’s proficiency
Skill
Degree, ability or skill of s write proficiency
Skill
A significant identifying element which can be interpreted in broad terms of slow, moderate or rapid
Speed Writing
The combination of the basic design of letters and the writing movement as taught in school make up the writing system.
System of Writing
The act or process of changing
Variation
Any writing executed with the opposite hand
Wrong Handed Writing
A curve formed inside the top curve of loop
Arch or Arches
The top portion of a letter or upper loop
Ascender
Are lower case letters having no ascending loops or stems or descending loops or stems
Linear Letters
The imaginary line upon which the writing rests
Baseline
Initial stroke which is usually found in capital letters
Beaded
Is the rudimentary initial up stroke of a letter
Beard
The beginning and ending stroke of a letter
Blunt
The main portion of the letter minus the initial, terminal and diacritic stroke
Body
A loop made as a flourished which is added to the letters in which used to complete a letter
Buckle or Buckle knot
A bad writing is known as?
Cacography
The art of making beautiful writing
Calligraphy
The portion of a letter that falls below the baseline of a typeface.
Descender
An element added to complete a certain letter either a cross bar or dot.
Diacritic
A small loop or curved formed inside the letters.
Eye, Eyelet, Eyeloop
This may occur inside the oval of the letters
Eye, Eyelet, Eyeloop
The small loop form by stroke that extends in divergent direction as in small letters
Eye, Eyelet, Eyeloop
The lower part of the letter which rests on the baseline
Foot
The term applied to the irregular thickening of ink which is found when writing slows down or stops while the pen takes stock of the position
Hesitation
Regarded as a special form of pen lift distinguish in a ball gaps in that of perceptible gaps and appear in the writing
Hiatus or Pen Jump
It is a minute curve or a ankle which often occurs at the end of the terminal strokes
Hook
The rounded outside of the top of the bend stroke or curve in a small letter
Hump or Shoulder
The extra deposit of ink in the initial and terminal stroke due to slow withdrawal of the pen from the paper
Knob
A capital letter
Majuscule
A small letter
Minuscule
Retouching or going back over a defective portion of a written stroke
Patching
An interruption in a stroke caused by removing the writing instrument from the paper
Pen Lift
Any part of a stroke which is super imposed upon the original stroke
Retrace/Retracing
A short initial or terminal stroke
Spur
Any major long downward stroke of a letter that is the long downward stroke of the letter
Staff
The upright long downward stroke that is the trunk or stalk normally seen in capital letters
Shank or Stem
Any short stroke which usually occurs at the top of the letters
Tick / Hitch
A writing weakness portrayed by irregular shaky strokes
Tremor
The upstroke of a looping ascender
Whirl
Movement of the baseline which it can slant up, down or straight across the page
Line Direction
