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Questioned and Documents > Chapter 5: Handwriting > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Handwriting Flashcards

1
Q

It is the result of a very complicated series of facts, used as a whole, combination of certain forms or visible mental and muscular habits acquired by long continued product painstaking effort.

A

Handwriting

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2
Q

Handwriting otherwise known as?

A

Visible Speech

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3
Q

Writing in which one letter is joined to the next

A

Cursive

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4
Q

Latin word of cursive and means?

A

Cursus means “Running”

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5
Q

Characters were written in a separate manner making it easier for beginners to learn the shapes of each letters

A

Script

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6
Q

Characters were in capital letters

A

Block

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7
Q

It is defined as a visible effect of bodily movement which is almost an unconscious expression of fixed habits, reacting from mental impression of certain ideas associated with script form.

A

Handwriting

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8
Q

A muscle which pushes up the pen from the upward strokes

A

Extensor Muscles

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9
Q

A muscle which pushes the pen from the downward strokes

A

Flexor muscles

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10
Q

The delicate way in which the various muscles used in writing work together to produce written form

A

Motor Coordination

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11
Q

The thumb, the first, second and slightly the fingers are in actual motion most usually employed in children and illiterates

A

Finger movement

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12
Q

Produced by the movement or action of the whole hand with the wrist as the center of attraction.

A

Hand Movement

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13
Q

Movement of the shoulder, hand and arm with support of the table.

A

Forearm Movement

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14
Q

An action of the entire arm without resting

A

Whole Forearm Movement

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15
Q

This refers to the shape or design of the individual letters

A

Form

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16
Q

It is an angle or inclination of the axis of the letters relative to the baseline

A

Slope or Slant

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17
Q

Refers to the symmetry of an individual letter

A

Proportion

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18
Q

This concept usually develops a relationship between one portion of a letter to another portion of the same letter

A

Proportion

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19
Q

It is a writing characteristic that is considered as one of the hidden features of writing

A

Proportion of letters

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20
Q

The relationship between tall and short letters

A

Ratio

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21
Q

It is a common practice among many writers to write their signatures with initial and connected without the pen.

A

Connecting Stroke

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22
Q

Are a comparison or correlation of the height of one letter or letter segment to another letter usually within the same word or signature

A

Ratio

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23
Q

Is used when the writing space is adequate

A

Normal Proportion

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24
Q

Is used when the space is limited

A

Compressed Proportion

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25
Q

Is used when the space is too wide to write on

A

Extended Proportion

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26
Q

It is when a letter, word or name (signature) is completed in a free, natural writing the pen is usually raised from paper while in motion of flying finish.

A

Terminal Stroke

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27
Q

What are the others referred to as Terminal strokes?

A

• Flying Finish
• Vanishing
• Tapering or Flourishing

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28
Q

The motion of the pen is slightly precedes the putting of the pen on the paper at the beginning with “flying start”

A

Initial Stroke

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29
Q

It is an interruption in a stroke caused by removing the pen from the paper

A

Pen Lift

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30
Q

Is a gap between strokes due to speed in writing and defective writing instrument

A

Hiatus or Pen Jump

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31
Q

It is considered as a common characteristic when it conforms to the ordinary copy book form

A

Lateral Spacing

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32
Q

It is the distance of a letter in a word or word in a sentence

A

Lateral Spacing

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33
Q

Refers to the visible record in the written strokes of the basic movement and manner of holding the writing instrument

A

Line Quality

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34
Q

It is the widening of the ink strokes with increased pressure on the paper surface

A

Shading

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35
Q

It is the relation of the parts of the whole line of writing or line of individual letters in words or signature to the baseline

A

Alignment

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36
Q

It is the balanced quality of movements of the harmonious recurrence of stress or impulse

A

Rhythm

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37
Q

The act of intermittently forcing the pen against the paper surfaces

A

Pen Emphasis

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38
Q

Relationship between the pen point and the paper

A

Pen Position

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39
Q

The place where the writer grasps the barrel of the pen and the angle at which he holds it

A

Pen Hold

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40
Q

The average force with which the pen contacts the papers

A

Pen Pressure

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41
Q

It deals with the usual average force involved in the writing rather than the period increases

A

Pen Pressure

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42
Q

Deviation from uniform strokes due to lack of smoothness perfectly apparent even without magnification

A

Tremor

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43
Q

It is caused by external factors such as the writing instrument and the writing position influenced by physical and mental condition.

A

Natural Variation

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44
Q

These are most often located at the beginning and of a letter but may be throughout the written material

A

Rubric or Embellishment

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45
Q

They usually take the form of an added movement that decorates the writing, such as swirls, added loops, concentric circles etc.

A

Rubric or Embellishment

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46
Q

Sharp, straight strokes that are made by stopping the pen and changing direction before continuing

A

Angular Forms

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47
Q

Forms that look like arches rounded on the top and open at the bottom

A

Arcade Forms

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48
Q

Any property or mark which distinguishes and in document examination commonly called to as the identifying details

A

Characteristics

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49
Q

The act of setting two or more items side by side to weigh their identifying qualities

A

Comparison

50
Q

A writer may deliberately try to alter his usual writing habits in hopes of hiding his identity

A

Disguised Writing

51
Q

The movement of the pen toward the writer

A

Downstroke

52
Q

The writer’s chosen writing style

A

Form

53
Q

The way the writing looks, whether it is a copybook, elaborate, simplified or printed

A

Form

54
Q

The way the writing looks, whether it is a copybook, elaborate, simplified or printed

A

Form

55
Q

A cup-like connected form that is open at the top and rounded on the bottom

A

Garland Forms

56
Q

The german word that means complete or whole

A

Gestalt

57
Q

The study of handwriting based on the two fundamental strokes, the curve and the straight strokes

A

Graphoanalysis

58
Q

Analysis by comparison and measurement

A

Graphometry

59
Q

The art of determining character disposition and amplitude of a person from the study of handwriting

A

Graphology

60
Q

It also means the scientific study and analysis of handwriting especially with reference to forgeries and questioned documents

A

Graphology

61
Q

Any disconnected style of writing in which each letter is written separately

A

Handlettering

62
Q

Handlettering also called as?

A

Handprinting

63
Q

The amount of space left between letters

A

Letter Space

64
Q

Letter Space may be referred to sometimes as?

A

Line Space

65
Q

The overall character of the ink lines from the beginning to the ending strokes

A

Line Quality

66
Q

A disconnected form of script or semi-script writing

A

Manuscript Writing

67
Q

The amount of space left around the writing on all four sides

A

Margins

68
Q

It is an important element in handwriting

A

Movement

69
Q

It embraces all the factors which are related to the motion of the writing instrument skill, speed, freedom, hesitation, rhythm, emphasis, tremors and the like.

A

Movement

70
Q

Any specimen of writing executed normally without any attempt to control or alter its identifying habits and its usual quality or execution

A

Natural Writing

71
Q

A creative combination of printing and cursive writing

A

Printscript

72
Q

Is used in describing handwriting to refer to any identifying factor that is related to the writing movement it self

A

Quality

73
Q

It is also known as left handed writing

A

Wrong Hand Writing

74
Q

The element of the writing movement which is marked by regular or periodic recurrences.

A

Rhythm

75
Q

The flourishing succession of motion which are recorded in a written record

A

Rhythm

76
Q

It may be classed as smooth, intermittent or jerky in its quality

A

Rhythm

77
Q

It is the widening of the ink strokes due to the added pressure on a flexible pen point or to the use of a stub pen

A

Shading

78
Q

Any characteristics of handwriting that is sufficiently uncommon and well-fixed to serve as a fundamental point in the identification

A

Significant Writing Habit

79
Q

Eliminating extra or superfluous strokes from the copybook model

A

Simplification

80
Q

May refer to the overall size of the writing or the proportion between zones

A

Size

81
Q

It is any set that are relative degrees, ability, or skill and a specimen of handwriting usually contains evidence of the writer’s proficiency

A

Skill

82
Q

Degree, ability or skill of s write proficiency

A

Skill

83
Q

A significant identifying element which can be interpreted in broad terms of slow, moderate or rapid

A

Speed Writing

84
Q

The combination of the basic design of letters and the writing movement as taught in school make up the writing system.

A

System of Writing

85
Q

The act or process of changing

A

Variation

86
Q

Any writing executed with the opposite hand

A

Wrong Handed Writing

87
Q

A curve formed inside the top curve of loop

A

Arch or Arches

88
Q

The top portion of a letter or upper loop

A

Ascender

89
Q

Are lower case letters having no ascending loops or stems or descending loops or stems

A

Linear Letters

90
Q

The imaginary line upon which the writing rests

A

Baseline

91
Q

Initial stroke which is usually found in capital letters

A

Beaded

92
Q

Is the rudimentary initial up stroke of a letter

A

Beard

93
Q

The beginning and ending stroke of a letter

A

Blunt

94
Q

The main portion of the letter minus the initial, terminal and diacritic stroke

A

Body

95
Q

A loop made as a flourished which is added to the letters in which used to complete a letter

A

Buckle or Buckle knot

96
Q

A bad writing is known as?

A

Cacography

97
Q

The art of making beautiful writing

A

Calligraphy

98
Q

The portion of a letter that falls below the baseline of a typeface.

A

Descender

99
Q

An element added to complete a certain letter either a cross bar or dot.

A

Diacritic

100
Q

A small loop or curved formed inside the letters.

A

Eye, Eyelet, Eyeloop

101
Q

This may occur inside the oval of the letters

A

Eye, Eyelet, Eyeloop

102
Q

The small loop form by stroke that extends in divergent direction as in small letters

A

Eye, Eyelet, Eyeloop

103
Q

The lower part of the letter which rests on the baseline

A

Foot

104
Q

The term applied to the irregular thickening of ink which is found when writing slows down or stops while the pen takes stock of the position

A

Hesitation

105
Q

Regarded as a special form of pen lift distinguish in a ball gaps in that of perceptible gaps and appear in the writing

A

Hiatus or Pen Jump

106
Q

It is a minute curve or a ankle which often occurs at the end of the terminal strokes

A

Hook

107
Q

The rounded outside of the top of the bend stroke or curve in a small letter

A

Hump or Shoulder

108
Q

The extra deposit of ink in the initial and terminal stroke due to slow withdrawal of the pen from the paper

A

Knob

109
Q

A capital letter

A

Majuscule

110
Q

A small letter

A

Minuscule

111
Q

Retouching or going back over a defective portion of a written stroke

A

Patching

112
Q

An interruption in a stroke caused by removing the writing instrument from the paper

A

Pen Lift

113
Q

Any part of a stroke which is super imposed upon the original stroke

A

Retrace/Retracing

114
Q

A short initial or terminal stroke

A

Spur

115
Q

Any major long downward stroke of a letter that is the long downward stroke of the letter

A

Staff

116
Q

The upright long downward stroke that is the trunk or stalk normally seen in capital letters

A

Shank or Stem

117
Q

Any short stroke which usually occurs at the top of the letters

A

Tick / Hitch

118
Q

A writing weakness portrayed by irregular shaky strokes

A

Tremor

119
Q

The upstroke of a looping ascender

A

Whirl

120
Q

Movement of the baseline which it can slant up, down or straight across the page

A

Line Direction

Questioned and Documents (5 decks)

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