CHAPTER 3 (may general definition)

Question 1

Any materials containing marks, symbols or signs either visible or partially visible in which convey a meaning in the form of pencil, ink writing, typewriting or printing on paper.

Answer 1

Document

Question 2

A written instrument in which used to prove a fact

Answer 2

Documents

Question 3

The Latin word of document and means?

Answer 3

Documentum means “lesson or example”

Question 4

If the Latin word of the document means a “lesson” or “example”, then what is the translation in Medieval Latin?

Answer 4

Instruction or Official Paper

Question 5

The french word of document and means.

Answer 5

docere means to teach

Question 6

Any material whose issue has been raised or under scrutiny

Answer 6

Questioned

Question 7

One in which the facts appearing may not be true and are contested either whole or part with respect to its authenticity, identity or origin.

Answer 7

Questioned Document

Question 8

A term is suggesting that there is an argument or controversy over document and strictly speaking this is true meaning

Answer 8

Disputed Document

Question 9

A term used by some document examiners and attorneys to characterize known material. The older term known as?

Answer 9

Standard

Question 10

Are condensed and compact sets of authentic specimens made from known source

Answer 10

Standard

Question 11

A term used by some document examiners and attorneys to characterize known material.

Answer 11

Exemplar

Question 12

Any document completely written and signed by one person

Answer 12

Holographic Document

Question 13

A document can be probated without anyone having witnessed its execution

Answer 13

Holographic Document

Question 14

These are being compiled by the document examiner to assist him in answering technical questions in court

Answer 14

Reference Collection

Question 15

kinds of document notarized by a notary public or competent public official with solemnities required by law

Answer 15

Public Document

Question 16

It is issued by the government or its officers having authority to do so and the offices which in accordance with their creation of document

Answer 16

Official Document

Question 17

Executed by a private person without the intervention of a notary public or of any person legally authorized by which document, some disposition or agreement is proved, evidence or set forth.

Answer 17

Private Document

Question 18

Executed in accordance with the Code of Commerce or any Mercantile Law, containing disposition or commercial rights or obligations

Answer 18

Commercial Document

Question 19

A document that only exists in electronic form such as data stored on a computer, network, back-up, archive or other storage media.

Answer 19

Electronic Document

Question 20

By this law, it is considered the landmark law in the history of the Philippine since it has placed the Philippines among the countries penalizing cybercrime

Answer 20

R.A 8792

Question 21

When was R.A 8792 implemented?

Answer 21

June 14, 2000

Question 22

When was R.A 8792 took effect?

Answer 22

June 19, 2000 (iba yung kailan na implement sa naging kailan nagfunction yung batas)

Question 23

It emphasizes the admissibility of evidence in electronic form subject to its authenticity and reliability

Answer 23

Electronic Evidence

Question 24

When did Electronic Evidence take effect?

Answer 24

August 1, 2000

Question 25

Also known as Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012

Answer 25

R.A 10175

Question 26

Any matter made a part of the document after its original preparation

Answer 26

Addition

Question 27

A result from relating observed facts by logical common sense reasoning in accordance with established rules or laws.

Answer 27

Conclusion

Question 28

One who studies scientifically the details and elements of documents to identify their source or to discover other facts concerning them.

Answer 28

Document Examiner

Question 29

Document Examiner is often called?

Answer 29

Handwriting Identification Experts

Question 30

The removal of writings, typewriting or printing from a document.

Answer 30

Erasure

Question 31

Two means to accomplished erasure on documents

Answer 31

Chemical Eradication Abrasive Erasure

Question 32

The writing is removed by means of bleach or other chemical agents

Answer 32

Chemical Eradication

Question 33

The writing is erased by means of rubbing, scratching with knife or other sharp implement

Answer 33

Abrasive Erasure

Question 34

The act of making a close and critical study of any material and with questioned documents

Answer 34

Examination

Question 35

It is the process necessary to discover facts about the findings in question documents

Answer 35

Examination

Question 36

The document examiner in court which may present his opinion by means of his expertise the former is known as?

Answer 36

Expert Witness

Question 37

A legal term used to describe a witness who by reason of his special training or experience in which permitted to express an opinion regarding the issue

Answer 37

Expert Witness

Question 38

His purpose is to interpret technical information in his particular speciality in order to assist the court administering justice

Answer 38

Expert Witness

Question 39

The professional experience, education, and ability of a document examiner before he is permitted to testify in court as expert witness

Answer 39

Qualification

Question 40

The addition of writing and other material between lines or paragraphs or the addition of whole page to a document

Answer 40

Insertion or Interlineation

Question 41

The blotting out or shearing over the writing to make the original invisible to as an addition

Answer 41

Obliteration

Question 42

Obliteration is also known as?

Answer 42

Overwriting

Question 43

It means that the source of authorship of the compared questioned and standard specimen is different

Answer 43

Non Identification

Question 44

Any document completed written and signed by one person

Answer 44

Holographic Document

Question 45

This involves the detection of forgery, erasure, alteration of obliteration of documents intelligent police investigators can detect almost 75% of all forgeries by careful inspection

Answer 45

Criminalistics Examination

Question 46

A notable British Examiner of questioned documents said that an intelligent police investigator can detect almost 75% of all forgeries by careful inspection of a document with simple magnifiers and measuring tools

Answer 46

Dr. Wilson Harrison

Question 47

This is more focused in determining the author of writing and its more difficult procedure and requires long study and experience

Answer 47

Handwriting Investigation/Analysis

Question 48

An examiner who analyzes any questioned document and is capable of more than just questions of authorship limited only by their access to laboratory equipment

Answer 48

Questioned Document Examiners

Question 49

This is work involving the verification of age and worth of a document or object, sometimes done by a document examiner

Answer 49

Historical Dating

Question 50

This is work that often overlaps with that of the document examiner and focused on the money trail and criminal intent

Answer 50

Fraud Investigators

Question 51

These are public or private experts who date, type source, and/or catalogue various types of paper, watermarks, ink printing/copy/fax machines, computer cartridges,. etc. using chemical methods

Answer 51

Paper & Ink Specialists

Question 52

These are public or private experts who analyze altered, obliterated, changed or doctored documents and photos using infrared lighting, expensive spectrography equipment or digital enhancement techniques.

Answer 52

Forgery Specialists

Question 53

These are usually psychology experts who assess personality traits from handwriting samples.

Answer 53

Handwriting Analysts

Question 54

Refers to the same purpose of handwriting analysts by looking at semantics,spelling, word choice, syntax and phraseology

Answer 54

Forensic Stylistics

Question 55

This refers to the art of trying to interpret the character or personality of an individual from his writing

Answer 55

Graphology

Question 56

This refers to the method of characterizing handwriting by measurement of the proportionate values of the angle and ratio of the heights and widths of letters

Answer 56

Graphometry

Question 57

These are experts on the origin, make, and model used in typewritten material

Answer 57

Typewriting Analysts

Question 58

This is an emerging group that relates to QDE through some common investigative and testimonial procedures

Answer 58

Computer Crime Investigators

Question 59

It is done in the scientific method in QD where the characteristics and properties of the document is being observed or measured

Answer 59

Analysis

Question 60

It is done in the scientific method in QD where the characteristics and properties of the unknown are now compared with the familiar or recorded properties of known items.

Answer 60

Comparison

Question 61

Similarities or Dissimilarities in properties or characteristics will each have a certain value for identification, determined by its likelihood of occurrence. The weight of significance of each must therefore be considered

Answer 61

Evaluation

Question 62

It is the process of double checking the accuracy and correctness of the examination usually conducted by other experts in the said field

Answer 62

Verification

Question 63

It corresponds to the results obtained and the truth

Answer 63

Accuracy

Question 64

A measure of the consistency of results obtained through repeated study or experimantation

Answer 64

Precision

Question 65

An instrument usually used by bank personnel and other people involved in currency examination

Answer 65

Magnifying Glass

Question 66

A pictorial image formed by casting a shadow usually of the hands upon rightful surface or screen

Answer 66

Shadowgraph

Question 67

Shadowgraph is also known as?

Answer 67

Profile Projector

Question 68

An instrument which gives tri-dimensional (3D) enlargement

Answer 68

Stereoscopic Binocular Microscope

Question 69

An instrument used to test signatures and typewritings

Answer 69

Measured and Test Plates (Transparent Glass)

Question 70

Popular, standard style for correspondence and general work which its giving 10 characters per inch

Answer 70

PICA

Question 71

Is used largely for personal correspondence much matter in small space without crowded appearance which gives 12 characters per inch

Answer 71

Elite

Question 72

It is shaking or trembling movements in one or more parts of the body, most commonly affecting a person's hands

Answer 72

Tremor

Question 73

An instrument used for controlled illumination needed in sidelight examination wherein light is placed at a low angle in a position oblique to plane or document

Answer 73

Table Lamps with Adjustable Shades (Goose Neck Lamps)

Question 74

A device where light comes from beneath or behind glass on document is placed

Answer 74

Transmitted Light Gadget

Question 75

This is usually used in the detection of counterfeited bills but can actually be used to detect security features or qualified documents

Answer 75

Ultraviolet Lamp

Question 76

It is an additional security feature of paper bill that is being apparent when the UV-light reflected upon it

Answer 76

Security Thread/ Security Fibers

Question 77

Primarily used to decipher writings in a charred document

Answer 77

Infrared Viewer

Question 78

An instrument similar to that of the bullet comparison microscope

Answer 78

Comparison Microscope

Question 79

An instrument that is used to examined oblirated text, watermarks and indented writings. This instrument uses different lightning sources to examine a document

Answer 79

Video Spectral Comparator

Question 80

It is a sensitive technique and has been known to detect the presence of fresh fingerprints

Answer 80

Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA)

Question 81

The device that can detect indention/intended writings that van records transparencies of any indentations.

Answer 81

Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA)

Question 82

It is a piece of equipment commonly used in QDE to reveal indented Impressions on paper which may otherwise go unnoticed.

Answer 82

Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA)

Question 83

It is a non destructive technique equipment thus allowing further tests to be carried out

Answer 83

Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA)

Question 84

This type of examination which is made with a microscope to discover minute physical details

Answer 84

Microscopic Examination

Question 85

A type of examination in which the document is viewed with the source of illumination behind it and light passing through the paper

Answer 85

Transmitted Light Examination

Question 86

This type of examination whose documents are subjected to determine the presence of erasures, matching of serrations and some other types of alterations

Answer 86

Transmitted Light Examination

Question 87

An examination with the illumination so controlled that it grazed or strikes the surface of the document from one side at very low angle

Answer 87

Oblique Light Examination

Question 88

This type of examination is used in documents that cannot be transported nor examined without being destroyed or altered

Answer 88

Photographic Examination

Question 89

This type of examination is done in a darkroom after the lamp has been warmed up to give a maximum output of the ultraviolet light.

Answer 89

Ultraviolet Examination

Question 90

This examination of documents employs invisible radiation beyond the red portion of the visible spectrum which is usually recorded on a specially sensitized photographic emulsion

Answer 90

Infrared Examination