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Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Knowledge of the technology spread quickly in the year of?

A

16th Century

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2
Q

Knowledge of paper making traveled westward, spreading throughout the Middle East of what country?

A

Spain (JATIVA province of VALENCIA )

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3
Q

The first paper mill in England was established in what year?

A

1495

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4
Q

The first mill was built in America in what year?

A

1690

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5
Q

The first practical machine was made in what year?

A

1798

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6
Q

The first practical machine was made by who?

A

Nicholas Louis Robert

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7
Q

This machine reduced the cost of paper it supplants the hand-molding process in paper manufacture

A

Robert’s Machine

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8
Q

The Robert Machine was improved by British Stationers brothers


A

Henry Fourdrinier and Sealy Fourdrinier

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9
Q

In what year did the British Stationers Brothers improve the Robert’s Machine?

A

1803

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10
Q

The solution of the problem of making paper from cheap raw material was achieved by the introduction of pulp making?

A

Groundwood Process

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11
Q

The first chemical pulp process was introduced in what year?

A

1850

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12
Q

This was introduced in the 19th Century for bleaching that could be already manufactured for paper

A

Chlorine

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13
Q

This grass was first introduced in England in 1861.

A

Esparto

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14
Q

Esparto was introduced in England in the year of?

A

1861

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15
Q

This was used to make paper in 1800

A

Straw

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16
Q

This paper from wood was first used between 1880 and 1890.

A

Sulphite

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17
Q

Letters dated in what year?

A

AD. 874,

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18
Q

Letters dated in what year?

A

AD. 874,

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19
Q

The letters dated were found in what country?

A

Egypt

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20
Q

An old manuscript was found in what country?

A

England

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21
Q

The oldest manuscript was made of what paper and which dated at?

A

Cotton Paper and AD 1890

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22
Q

It is the term for a figure of design incorporated into paper during its manufacture and appearing lighter than the rest of the sheet when viewed in transmitted light

A

Watermark

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23
Q

The earliest way of identifying the date of manufacture of paper

A

Watermark

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24
Q

Two materials that are used in making watermark

A

Watermark wire and Grid Frame

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25
Watermark first appeared in what country?
Italy
26
Watermark first appeared on papers produced in Italy around?
1270
27
The art of paper making was introduced by Muslims from the Middle East in what country?
Europe
28
The first british postage stamps were introduced in what year?
1840
29
This came into use when the paper began to machine made
Dandy Roll
30
The questioned documents examiner's finding is limited only to the (blank) ?
Approximate Date (YEAR)
31
Another way of tracing the age of paper is through the observance of the changes in its physical characteristics
Discoloration
32
The span of time of papers made out of wood
2-3 years
33
A quality of nib pen able to change the line width of your pen stroke by applying gentle finger pressure to the nib
Flexibility of Pen Point
34
Is a fluid or viscous marking material used for writing or printing
Ink
35
A writing instrument used to apply inks to the paper
Pen
36
The Latin word PENNA which means?
Feather
37
A device used to make alphanumeric marks on or in a surface
Writing Instruments or Writing Implements
38
It was considered as the first writing tool that had the writing end slightly frayed like a brush
Reed Pens or Swamp Reed
39
It was considered as the first writing tool that had the writing end slightly frayed like a brush
Reed Pens or Swamp Reed
40
Reed Pens were prepared by leaving them under the ___________ for several months
Dung Heaps
41
This was made from the outer wing feathers of any bird which was considered as principal writing implement for nearly 1300 years
Quill Pen
42
A Spanish Theologian who is credited for the tool use as principal writing instruments
St. Isidore of Seville
43
Largest country producers of quill
- Poland - Germany - Russia - Netherlands
44
The earliest mention of writing instruments in the year 1465
Brazen Pens or Steel Point Pens
45
A Spanish Calligrapher who is credited for very large writing in 1548 writing manual
Juan De Yciar
46
A Spanish Calligrapher who is credited for very large writing in his 1548 writing manual
Juan De Yciar
47
The two copybooks which were published by Juan De Yciar
"Recopilacion Subtilissma" or Most Delicate Compilation (1548) and "Arte Subtilissma" The Most Delicate Art (1550)
48
The two copybooks which were published by Juan De Yciar acknowledged his debt to the printed books of ___________,_________,_____?
- Arrighi - Tagliente - Palatino
49
The two copybooks which were published by Juan De Yciar acknowledged his debt to the printed books of ___________,_________,_____?
- Arrighi - Tagliente - Palatino
50
The first patented steel pen point was made by the English Engineer
Bryan Donkin
51
The first patented steel pen point was made by the English Engineer in the year?
1803
52
The leading 19th Century English pen manufacturers
- William Joseph Gillot - William Mitchell and; - James Stephen Perry
53
Who patented the first practical fountain pen?
Lewis Waterman
54
In what year does the fountain pen was invented?
1884
55
A writing instrument which contains its own ink reservoir
Fountain Pens
56
A mechanism that fed to ink to the pen point by capillary action allowing ink to flow evenly while writing
Fountain Pens
57
Considered as the Chief Writing instrument in the west
Fountain Pens
58
A modern nib which contains a reservoir of ink in a specially designed chamber
Fountain Pens
59
The one who patented the first ball point writing tool
John Loud
60
A writing instrument which has in its point a small rotating metal gall that continually inks itself as it turns
Ball Point Pen
61
What year is the first ball point writing tool patented?
1888
62
The Hungarian Inventor brothers invented a viscous, oild based ink which is attributed for the invention of the first practical ball point pen
Ladislao and Georg Biro
63
A tool which has been considered as the universal writing tool
Ball Point Pen
64
What year does the Hungarian Inventor brothers invent the viscous oil based ink which is attributed to the invention of the first practical ball point pen?
1938
65
Fiber tip markers were introduced into the US Market in what year?
1963
66
Who invented the first practical fiber tip pen of Japan in 1962?
Yukio Horie
67
In what year the first practical fiber tip pen invented by Yukio Horie?
1962
68
It was ideally suited to the strokes of Japanese writing which is traditionally done with a pointed ink brush
Fiber Tin Pens
69
A modification of the ball point pen using a liquid dye fed to a metal/plastic ball
Felt tip pen
70
The felt tip markers were introduced in the US from Japan in what year?
1973

Questioned and Documents (6 decks)

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