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Questioned and Documents > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Knowledge of the technology spread quickly in the year of?

A

16th Century

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2
Q

Knowledge of paper making traveled westward, spreading throughout the Middle East of what country?

A

Spain (JATIVA province of VALENCIA )

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3
Q

The first paper mill in England was established in what year?

A

1495

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4
Q

The first mill was built in America in what year?

A

1690

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5
Q

The first practical machine was made in what year?

A

1798

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6
Q

The first practical machine was made by who?

A

Nicholas Louis Robert

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7
Q

This machine reduced the cost of paper it supplants the hand-molding process in paper manufacture

A

Robert’s Machine

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8
Q

The Robert Machine was improved by British Stationers brothers


A

Henry Fourdrinier and Sealy Fourdrinier

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9
Q

In what year did the British Stationers Brothers improve the Robert’s Machine?

A

1803

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10
Q

The solution of the problem of making paper from cheap raw material was achieved by the introduction of pulp making?

A

Groundwood Process

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11
Q

The first chemical pulp process was introduced in what year?

A

1850

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12
Q

This was introduced in the 19th Century for bleaching that could be already manufactured for paper

A

Chlorine

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13
Q

This grass was first introduced in England in 1861.

A

Esparto

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14
Q

Esparto was introduced in England in the year of?

A

1861

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15
Q

This was used to make paper in 1800

A

Straw

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16
Q

This paper from wood was first used between 1880 and 1890.

A

Sulphite

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17
Q

Letters dated in what year?

A

AD. 874,

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18
Q

Letters dated in what year?

A

AD. 874,

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19
Q

The letters dated were found in what country?

A

Egypt

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20
Q

An old manuscript was found in what country?

A

England

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21
Q

The oldest manuscript was made of what paper and which dated at?

A

Cotton Paper and AD 1890

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22
Q

It is the term for a figure of design incorporated into paper during its manufacture and appearing lighter than the rest of the sheet when viewed in transmitted light

A

Watermark

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23
Q

The earliest way of identifying the date of manufacture of paper

A

Watermark

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24
Q

Two materials that are used in making watermark

A

Watermark wire and Grid Frame

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25
Q

Watermark first appeared in what country?

A

Italy

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26
Q

Watermark first appeared on papers produced in Italy around?

A

1270

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27
Q

The art of paper making was introduced by Muslims from the Middle East in what country?

A

Europe

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28
Q

The first british postage stamps were introduced in what year?

A

1840

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29
Q

This came into use when the paper began to machine made

A

Dandy Roll

30
Q

The questioned documents examiner’s finding is limited only to the (blank) ?

A

Approximate Date (YEAR)

31
Q

Another way of tracing the age of paper is through the observance of the changes in its physical characteristics

A

Discoloration

32
Q

The span of time of papers made out of wood

A

2-3 years

33
Q

A quality of nib pen able to change the line width of your pen stroke by applying gentle finger pressure to the nib

A

Flexibility of Pen Point

34
Q

Is a fluid or viscous marking material used for writing or printing

A

Ink

35
Q

A writing instrument used to apply inks to the paper

A

Pen

36
Q

The Latin word PENNA which means?

A

Feather

37
Q

A device used to make alphanumeric marks on or in a surface

A

Writing Instruments or Writing Implements

38
Q

It was considered as the first writing tool that had the writing end slightly frayed like a brush

A

Reed Pens or Swamp Reed

39
Q

It was considered as the first writing tool that had the writing end slightly frayed like a brush

A

Reed Pens or Swamp Reed

40
Q

Reed Pens were prepared by leaving them under the ___________ for several months

A

Dung Heaps

41
Q

This was made from the outer wing feathers of any bird which was considered as principal writing implement for nearly 1300 years

A

Quill Pen

42
Q

A Spanish Theologian who is credited for the tool use as principal writing instruments

A

St. Isidore of Seville

43
Q

Largest country producers of quill

A
  • Poland
  • Germany
  • Russia
  • Netherlands
44
Q

The earliest mention of writing instruments in the year 1465

A

Brazen Pens or Steel Point Pens

45
Q

A Spanish Calligrapher who is credited for very large writing in 1548 writing manual

A

Juan De Yciar

46
Q

A Spanish Calligrapher who is credited for very large writing in his 1548 writing manual

A

Juan De Yciar

47
Q

The two copybooks which were published by Juan De Yciar

A

“Recopilacion Subtilissma” or Most Delicate Compilation (1548) and “Arte Subtilissma” The Most Delicate Art (1550)

48
Q

The two copybooks which were published by Juan De Yciar acknowledged his debt to the printed books of ___________,_________,_____?

A
  • Arrighi
  • Tagliente
  • Palatino
49
Q

The two copybooks which were published by Juan De Yciar acknowledged his debt to the printed books of ___________,_________,_____?

A
  • Arrighi
  • Tagliente
  • Palatino
50
Q

The first patented steel pen point was made by the English Engineer

A

Bryan Donkin

51
Q

The first patented steel pen point was made by the English Engineer in the year?

A

1803

52
Q

The leading 19th Century English pen manufacturers

A
  • William Joseph Gillot
  • William Mitchell and;
  • James Stephen Perry
53
Q

Who patented the first practical fountain pen?

A

Lewis Waterman

54
Q

In what year does the fountain pen was invented?

A

1884

55
Q

A writing instrument which contains its own ink reservoir

A

Fountain Pens

56
Q

A mechanism that fed to ink to the pen point by capillary action allowing ink to flow evenly while writing

A

Fountain Pens

57
Q

Considered as the Chief Writing instrument in the west

A

Fountain Pens

58
Q

A modern nib which contains a reservoir of ink in a specially designed chamber

A

Fountain Pens

59
Q

The one who patented the first ball point writing tool

A

John Loud

60
Q

A writing instrument which has in its point a small rotating metal gall that continually inks itself as it turns

A

Ball Point Pen

61
Q

What year is the first ball point writing tool patented?

A

1888

62
Q

The Hungarian Inventor brothers invented a viscous, oild based ink which is attributed for the invention of the first practical ball point pen

A

Ladislao and Georg Biro

63
Q

A tool which has been considered as the universal writing tool

A

Ball Point Pen

64
Q

What year does the Hungarian Inventor brothers invent the viscous oil based ink which is attributed to the invention of the first practical ball point pen?

A

1938

65
Q

Fiber tip markers were introduced into the US Market in what year?

A

1963

66
Q

Who invented the first practical fiber tip pen of Japan in 1962?

A

Yukio Horie

67
Q

In what year the first practical fiber tip pen invented by Yukio Horie?

A

1962

68
Q

It was ideally suited to the strokes of Japanese writing which is traditionally done with a pointed ink brush

A

Fiber Tin Pens

69
Q

A modification of the ball point pen using a liquid dye fed to a metal/plastic ball

A

Felt tip pen

70
Q

The felt tip markers were introduced in the US from Japan in what year?

A

1973

Questioned and Documents (6 decks)

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