Chapter 5 Greek Flashcards
Polis
Generally translated as “city state,” it was the basic political and institutional unit of ancient Greece
Hoplites
Heavily armed citizens who served as infantrymen and fought to decent the polis
Democracy
A type of Greek government in which all citizens administered the workings of government
Oligarchy
A type of Greek government in which a small group of wealthy citizens, not necessarily of aristocratic birth, ruled.
Tyranny
Rule by one man who took over an existing government, generally by using his wealth to gain a political following
Delian League
A grand naval alliance created by the Athenians aimed at liberating lonia from Persian rule.
Mystery Religions
Religious systems in the Hellenistic world that incorporated aspects of both Greek and Eastern religions; they were characterized by secret doctrines, rituals of initiation, and the promise of an afterlife
Epicureanism
A Geek system of philosophy founded on the teaching of Epicurus that viewed a life f contentment, free from fear and sufferings, as the greatest good
Stoicism
The most popular of Hellenistic philosophies, it considered nature an expression of divine will and held that people can be happy only when living accordance with nature
How did the geography of Greece shape its earliest history and lead to the growth of the polis
Greece’s mountainous terrain and lack of navigable rivers led to the development of small, independent communities and political fragmentation. Some groups of people joined together kingdoms, like the minoans and the mycenaeans. Greeks developed independent city states, known as polis, in which individuals governed themselves without elaborate political machinery.
What were the major developments of the archaic age, and how did Sparta and Athens create crew forms of government ?
The maturation of the polis coincided with an era, later termed the archaic age. First,was the spread of the Greek people, second was development of Sparta and Athens,. Sparta created a military state, Athens created a democracy, but males were dominant as always
What were the lasting cultural and intellectual achievements of the classical period?
Greek Civilization reached its highest peaks in politics, Greeks successfully defended themselves from Persian invasion. Athenian Leader then showplaced Greece by using their architecture. Greek’s also honored a variety of gods and goddesses in festivals, but did not look at religion for moral guidance. And during this time was when philosophy was starting to rise. (Socrates, Plato and Aristole)
How did Alexander the Great’s conquests shape society in the Hellenistic Period
Greek city states were conquered by Macedonians under King Philip II and his sons alexander. Alex conquered the entire persian empire. He founded new cities in which greek and local population mixed. His successors just kept growing and becoming powerful.
How did the meeting of cutlers in the Hellenistic world shape religion, philosophy and science?
Hellenistic kings built temples to the old Olympian gods. But many people went to blended religions which promised internal life and others went to Philosophy to learn how to live a good life. During this time dissections and observations allowed science to flourish by learning how to develop treatments.
Minoans and Mycenaens
society, politics, trade, constant sea contact and exchange with older near eastern civilization; destruction
