chapter 11 Flashcards
khipu
an intricate system of knotted and colored strings used by early peruvian cultures to store information such as census and tax records
Olmecs
The oldest of the early advanced Mesoamerican civilizations
Mesoamerica
The term used by scholars to designate the area of present-day Mexico and Central America
Maya
A highly developed Mesoamerican culture centered in the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico. The maya created the most intricate writing system in the Western Hemisphere
Popul vuh
The book of Council, a collection of mythological narratives and dynastic histories that constitutes the primary record of the Maya civilization
Stories of life, philosophical, stories.
Mississippian
An important mound-building culture that thrived between 800 and 1500 c.e in a territory that extended from Mississippi River to the Appalachian Mountains. The largest mound produced by this culture is found at Cahokia, Illinois.
Nahuatl
The language of both the Toltecs and the Aztecs
Mexica
The dominant ethnic group of what i s now Mexico, which created an empire based on war and religion that reached its height in the mid-1400s; in the nineteenth century the people became known as Aztecs.
Tenochtitlan
A large and prosperous Aztec city that was built starting in 1325. It was admired by the Spanish wen they entered in 1519.
Moche
A native american culture that thrived along Peru’s northern coast between 100 and 800 c.e. The culture existed as a series of city- states and is distinguished by an extraordinarily rich and diverse potter industry
Incas
The andean people who created a large empire that was at its peak around 1500 and was held taught by an extensive system of roads
Quechua
first deemed the official language of the Incas under Pachacuti, it is still spoken by most Peruvians today.
How did early people in the Americas adapt to their environment as they created technologies of food production and economic system?
The environment shaped the history of human settlement int he Americas, but later history shaped the way the lands and peoples of these areas have been described. Early peoples crossed into the Western Hemisphere from Asia. Some people in some parts of the Americas began raising crops as well as gathering wild produce. Maize became important and spread to North and South America.
What physical, social, and intellectual features characterized early societies in the Americas?
Agricultural advancement led to an increase in population, which allowed greater concentrations of people and the creation of the first urban societies. The Olmecs created the first society with cities in Mesoamerica, with large ceremonial building, an elaborate calendar, and a symbolic writing.A lot of agriculture was a feature.
How did Mesoamerican and North American peoples develop prosperous and stable societies in the classical era?
The urban cultures of the Olmecs and other Mesoamerican peoples influenced subsequent societies. Classical era was an age with high levels of technological and intellectual achievements. Maya’s created a complex language that was created into a written language connecting them to population centers leading to trade which lead to wealth. Religion artwork was also big during this era.
