Chapter 5: Global Governance Flashcards
international institutions
Complexes of norms, rules, and practices that prescribe behavioral roles, constrain activity, and shape expectations.
International organizations
Any institution with formal procedures and formal membership from three or more countries. The minimum number of countries is set at three, rather than two, because multilateral relationships have significantly greater complexity than bilateral relationships.
constitutional
Constitutional institutions consist of the primary rules and norms of international society without which society among sovereign states could not exist.
fundamental
Fundamental institutions rest on the foundation provided by constitutional institutions. They represent the basic norms and practices that sovereign states employ to facilitate coexistence and cooperation under conditions of international anarchy
regimes
A set of implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures around which actors’ expectations converge in a given area of international relations. Often simply defined as a governing arrangement in a regional or global policy area.
multilateral diplomacy
Cooperation among three or more states based on, or with a view to formulating, reciprocally binding rules of conduct.
global governance
The regulation and coordination of transnational issue areas by nation-states, international and regional organizations, and private agencies through the establishment of international regimes. These regimes may focus on problem solving or the simple enforcement of rules and regulations.
international law
The formal rules of conduct that states acknowledge or contract between themselves.
problems international law responds to (3)
1.Coordinating global linkages
2.Responding to common problems
3.Protecting core values
European Union (EU)
The union formally created following the signing of the Maastricht Treaty. The origins of the European Union can be traced back to 1951 and the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community, followed in 1957 with a broader customs union (the Treaty of Rome, 1958). Originally a grouping of six countries , “Europe” grew by adding new members. Since the fall of the planned economies in Eastern Europe, European Union has grown and now includes twenty-eight member states.
- was created to prevent wars between European states
European Commission
Initiating, administering, and overseeing the implementation of EU policies and legislation
European Parliament
Acting as directly elected representatives of EU citizens, scrutinizing the operation of the other institutions, and, in certain areas, sharing the power to legislate
council of ministers
Representing the views of national governments and determining, in many areas jointly with the EP, the ultimate shape of EU legislation
european council
Holding regular summits of the heads of state or government and the president of the commission, setting the EU’s broad agenda, and acting as a forum of last resort to find agreement on divisive issues (Note: different from the Council of Europe)
european court of justice
Acting as the EU’s highest court (supported by a Court of First Instance)
european central bank
Setting interest rates and controlling the money supply of the single European currency, the euro
court of auditors
Auditing the revenues and the expenditure under the EU budget
african union
Created in 2002 and consisting of fifty-five member states, this union was formed as a successor to the Organization of African Unity. It maintains fourteen goals primarily centered on African unity and security, human rights, peace security and stability, economy, sustainable development, and equality.
organization of american states (OAS)
A regional international organization composed of thirty-five member states. It is the world’s oldest regional organization, founded in 1890 as the International Union of American Republics; in 1948 it changed its name to the OAS. Its goals are to create “an order of peace and justice, to promote their solidarity, to strengthen their collaboration, and to defend their sovereignty, their territorial integrity, and their independence.”
association of southeast asian nations (ASEAN)
Formed in 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand as an organization focused on stopping the spread of communism, it is now an organization of ten Southeast Asian countries with over 650 million people and a very high regional gross domestic product. Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam have all since joined. ASEAN has done very well in creating more economic integration
arab league
was founded in 1945 during a period of Pan-Arabism and great concern for decolonization policies that placed a Jewish state in Palestinian territory
human security
The security of people, including their physical safety, their economic and social wellbeing, respect for their dignity, and the protection of their human rights.
international court of justice
The main judicial organ of the United Nations consisting of fifteen judges elected jointly by the General Assembly and Security Council. The ICJ handles disputes between states, not individuals and states, and although a state does not have to participate in a case, if it elects to do so then it must obey the decision.
international law
The formal rules of conduct that states acknowledge or contract between themselves.
international nongovernmental organizations
A formal nongovernmental organization with members from at least three countries.
league of nations
The first permanent collective international security organization aimed at preventing future wars and resolving global problems. The League failed due to the unwillingness of the United States to join and the inability of its members to commit to a real international community.
multinational corporations
A business or firm with administration, production, distribution, and marketing located in countries around the world. Such a business moves money, goods, services, and technology around the world depending on where the firm can make the most profit.
nongovernmental organizations
An organization, usually a grassroots one, that has policy goals but is not governmental in its makeup. An NGO is any group of people relating to each other regularly in some formal manner and engaging in collective action, provided the activities are noncommercial and nonviolent and are not conducted on behalf of a government.
nonstate actors
Any participant in global politics that is neither acting in the name of government nor created and served by government. Nongovernmental organizations, terrorist networks, global crime syndicates, and multinational corporations are examples.
